THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1342
that causes the disease, so also Nanda's sensual attachment for his ex-wife had first
to be purged by means of his desire for celestial maidens. After that, the Buddha
would direct Nanda's efforts to the practice of the Ariya Path whereby he could get
rid of the remaining defilements.
Again, the reason for setting up some sexual object (of celestial maidens) for
Nanda, whom the Buddha wishes to get him established in the Noble Practice
marked by celibacy, needs to be understood. The Buddha is giving a temporary
visual object of a much greater attractiveness so that Nanda could readily forget his
erstwhile wife. By giving his assurance to Nanda to get that objective, the Buddha
sets the mind of the youthful
bhikkhu
at ease. Incidentally, the course of the
Buddha's sermon, which usually progresses from attainment of celestial glory on
the part of a donor towards
magga-phala,
should also be understood likewise.)
—— Commentary on the UdÈna ——
From the time he got back to the Jetavana monastery, Bhikkhu Nanda arduously pursued
bhikkhu
practice, with the object of getting celestial maidens. Meanwhile, the Buddha had
given instructions to the
bhikkhus
to go about Bhikkhu Nanda's meditation place and say:
‚A certain
bhikkhu
is said to be striving hard in
bhikkhu
practice to get celestial maidens
under the assurance of the BhagavÈ.‛ The
bhikkhus
said: ‚Very well, Venerable Sir.‛ And
they went about within earshot of Bhikkhu Nanda, saying: ‚The Venerable Nanda is said to
be striving hard in
bhikkhu
practice to get celestial maidens. The BhagavÈ is said to have
given him the assurance that five hundred celestial maidens with crimson feet like the
colour of the pigeon's feet will be his prize.‛
‚O what a mercenary
bhikkhu
the Venerable Nanda is!‛
‚O what a dignified trader the Venerable Nanda is!‛
When Venerable Nanda heard those stinging epithets, ‘mercenary’ and ‘dignified trader’
being applied to his name, he was greatly agitated, ‚Ah, how wrong I have been! How
unbecoming a
bhikkhu
! Due to my lack of control of my sense-faculties, I have become the
laughing stock of my companion
bhikkhus
. I must guard my sense faculties well.‛ From
that moment, Venerable Nanda trained himself to be mindful with clear comprehension in
all things that he looked at, whether looking east or west, south or north, upwards or
downwards, across or at any intermediate point of the compass, not to allow any thought of
greed, hatred, or other demeritoriousness arise in him due to whatever he saw. By
restraining himself with respect to his sense-faculties to a most exacting degree, his pursuit
of
bhikkhu
practice culminated in arahatship not long afterwards.
Then at about midnight, a BrahmÈ went to the Buddha and gave the good news that
Venerable Nanda had attained arahatship. The Buddha directed his mind to Venerable
Nanda and confirmed that what the BrahmÈ said was true.
Buddha's Freedom from Binding Obligation
The thought that he was practising the Noble Path with the object of getting celestial
maidens, brought to his rude awakening by his companion
bhikkhus
, made the Venerable
Nanda remorseful and the emotional awakening corrected his attitude, made him ever more
ardent in the right practice culminating in arahatship. Then he remembered how he had
made the Buddha a guarantor to get him the celestial maidens. He thought it necessary to
relieve Him of that undertaking. In the next morning he went to the Buddha, made
obeisance, and sitting in a suitable place, said: ‚Venerable Sir, the BhagavÈ had undertaken
to see that I get celestial maidens with crimson feet like the colour of the feet of the
pigeon. Venerable Sir, I do not want the BhagavÈ to be bound any more on that account.‛
The Buddha said: ‚Nanda, I know, by My own mind, in reading your mind, that you are
now established in
arahatta-phala
. Moreover, a BrahmÈ also brought this news to Me.
Nanda, from the moment of your freedom from the moral intoxicants (
Èsavas
) (i.e., from
your attainment of Arahatship) I have been released of that bond. (This is the natural thing.
You need not free me from it.)‛ The Buddha saw the unshakable nature of an
arahat
, in the
face of the vicissitudes of life rendered possible through extinction of moral intoxicants,