THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1322
attended to the repairing and maintenance of the monasteries. On the first day of the
waning moon in Savana, they requested King AjÈtasattu to build a pavilion. The
construction took three days. On the fourth day, the Venerable Œnanda attained arahatship.
On the fifth day, the proceedings of the Council commenced.)
Venerable Œnanda attended The Council as An Arahat
He entered the pavilion when everybody was present. Donning his upper robe in the
manner prescribed for
bhikkhus
when appearing before a meeting (or for going into the
village), he stepped into the hall with a beaming face which looked as fresh as a toddy
palm fruit just plucked, or a ruby placed on a white piece of velvet, or a full moon in a
clear sky, or a paduma lotus blooming forth on being radiated with dawn's sunshine. It
seemed to radiate with the inner purity of the
arahat
. Its splendour proclaimed the
arahatship of the possessor.
(In this connection, it might be asked: ‚Why did Œnanda enter the hall as if
proclaiming his arahatship?‛ ‚An
arahat
does not declare his attainment of
arahatta-phala
in words but he may let the fact known to others, and this is
extolled by the Buddha,‛ thus reflected the Venerable Œnanda. He knew that the
Council was prepared to let him participate in the proceedings because of his vast
knowledge, even though he was still a
sekkha
. And now that he had attained
arahatship, those other
bhikkhus
would be very happy to know about it. Further, he
wanted to demonstrate to everyone that the Buddha's last words: ‚Work with
diligence, the attainment of your set task‛, had proved most beneficial.)
On seeing the Venerable Œnanda, Venerable MahÈ Kassapa thought: ‚Ah, Œnanda as an
arahat
looks glorious. If the BhagavÈ were living, he would surely laud Œnanda today.
Now I must say words of praise on behalf of the BhagavÈ.‛ And he said: ‚Friend, Œnanda,
glorious it is indeed that you have attained
arahatta-phala
, etc.‛ He said these
congratulatory words thrice aloud.
Proceedings of The Council
With the arrival of the Venerable Œnanda, the Council was complete with the five
hundred selected reciters. The Venerable MahÈ Kassapa asked the Council where to begin
their recitals, whether the Doctrine including the
Suttanta
and the Abhidhamma should be
recited first, or whether the Discipline (the
Vinaya
), should be recited first. The Sangha
unanimously proposed: ‚Venerable MahÈ Kassapa, the Vinaya is the lifeblood of the
Buddha's Teaching. For, if the Vinaya lasts long, the Buddha's Teaching will lasts long.
Therefore let us begin our recitals with the reciting of the Vinaya.‛ Venerable MahÈ
Kassapa then asked: ‚Whom shall we make the leading
bhikkhu
in reciting the Vinaya?‛
‚We will make the Venerable UpÈli the leading
bhikkhu
.‛ ‚Would Œnanda be incapable for
it?‛ ‚Œnanda would be quite capable for it. However, when the BhagavÈ was living He had
declared the Venerable UpÈli as the foremost among the
bhikkhu
-disciples who have
mastered the Vinaya. Therefore, we would make the Venerable UpÈli, after getting his
consent, the leading
bhikkhu
in reciting the Vinaya.‛
The Venerable MahÈ Kassapa was the presiding
bhikkhu
at the First Council. He also
took the responsibility of the questionings. The Venerable UpÈli took the responsibility of
answering the questions on the Vinaya. Both took the special seats made for them and
conducted the proceedings. Each of the rules of the Vinaya was put as a question consisting
of the subject, the background story, the person that was the cause of the Buddha's
prescribing the rule, the original rule, the amendment thereto (if any), whither a breach of
that rule amounts to an offence or not; and each question was answered fully under those
headings. The Council then put them on record by reciting in unison, clothing the subject-
matter with such formal expressions as: ‘At that time’, ’It was then that’, ‘Then’, ‘When it
was said’, etc. to give cohesion to the matter. The recitals were made in unison: ‚At that
time the BhagavÈ was staying at VeraÒja, etc.‛ (This reciting of the words of the Buddha by
the Sangha in a special assembly is called the holding of a Council,
SangÈyanÈ
.)
When the reciting of the First PÈrÈjika was completed, the great earth trembled