Chapter 43
object that is experienced, the mind-object that is cognized, then Bahiya, (due to the
absence of craving, conceit and wrong view in you) you will no more be reborn here
in the human world, nor will you be reborn in the four remaining destinations (i.e.
deva-world, the
niraya
world, the world of animals and the world of hungry spirits or
petas
). Apart from the present existence (of the human world) and the four remaining
destinations, there is no other destination for you. The non-arising of fresh mind-and-
matter virtually is the end of the defilements that are
dukkha
and the resultant round of
existences that is
dukkha
.‛
The Buddha thus discoursed on the Doctrine culminating in the ultimate Cessation or
NibbÈna where no substrata of existence (the
khandhas
) remain.
(Herein, BÈhiya DÈrucÊriya was one who liked a brief exposition (
sa~khittaruci-
puggala
). Therefore, the Buddha in expounding the six sense objects did not go
into all the six in detail, but combined odour, taste and tangible object as ‘palpable
objects’. Thus the sense objects are grouped here under four headings only: what is
seen (
diÔÔha
), what is heard (
suta
), what is experienced (
muta
), and what is
cognized (
viÒÒÈta
).
(1) Regarding the four steps in the above exposition, in the Buddha's admonition to
be just aware of the seeing as mere seeing, the hearing as mere hearing, the
experiencing as mere experiencing, the cognition as mere cognition in respect of
the four classes of respective sense objects which are conditioned phenomena,
connotes that as eye-consciousness arises in seeing a visible object, as ear-
consciousness arises in hearing a sound, as nose-consciousness arises in smelling
an odour, as tongue-consciousness arises in tasting a flavour, or as mind-
consciousness arises in cognizing a mind-object, there is just consciousness and
there is no attachment, hatred or bewilderment there. (The reader should acquaint
himself with the nature of the five-door cognition process and the mind-door-
process.)
(Eye-consciousness, ear-consciousness, nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness
and body-consciousness, these five kinds of consciousness are called the Five
Kinds of Sense-consciousness.) The Buddha enjoined BÈhiya that he should strive
diligently, not to let craving, hatred and bewilderment creep in the impulsion
thought-moments that follow the five-door cognition process and the mind-door-
process that arise at the instant of the arising of those five kinds of sense-
consciousness, at which stage, there is no craving, hatred or bewilderment, but pure
sense-cognition alone. For at the impulsion moment, the appreciation of these sense
objects naturally tend to let in greed, hatred and bewilderment.
(The Buddha enjoined BÈhiya to strive diligently and not to allow greed, hatred and
bewilderment to arise at the moment of impulsion in the thought-process because
he wanted BÈhiya to understand that erroneous concept, such as, ‘This is
permanent’, ‘This is happy’, ‘This is beautiful’, or ‘This is substantial’, tends to
creep in (to an unguarded mind), in respect of these four categories (groups) of
sense objects. Only if one considers them as impermanent, miserable, ugly, and
insubstantial, can there arise no erroneous impulsions to conceive them as
permanent, happy, beautiful and substantial. Then only can Insight arise, whereby
great meritorious impulsions follow (the neutral thought-process at the sense-
cognition stage). The Buddha warned Bahiya to guard against thinking wrongly the
conditioned phenomena which represent the four categories of sense objects as
being permanent, happy, beautiful and substantial, and to view them, as they truly
were, as being impermanent, miserable, ugly and insubstantial, and thus cultivate
Insight so as to let the great meritorious impulsions follow (the sense-cognition).
(By showing the right view to regard the four kinds of sense objects which are
conditioned phenomena, as being impermanent, miserable, ugly and insubstantial,
the Buddha (in 1 above) teaches BÈhiya DÈrucÊriya the six lower stages of Purity
and the ten stages of insight.