THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1288
—— Dhamapada, v.419 ——
Yassa gatiÑ na jÈnanti, DevÈ gandhabba mÈnusÈ;
KhÊÓÈsavaÑ ArahantaÑ, tam ahaÑ br|mi BrÈhmaÓaÑ.
‚(Va~gÊsa) he whose destination, the devas of the celestial abodes or the
musician-devas of the terrestrial abodes, or men know, who has destroyed
the four kinds of moral intoxicants, and is an
arahat
, him I call a BrÈhmana.‛
—— Ibid v.420 ——
(Note:, The Buddha said these verses, which are from the Dhammapada, to let the
bhikkhus
know that the Venerable Va~gÊsa was an
arahat
. In the present situation,
they were uttered for the benefit of Va~gÊsa that the fourth skull belonged to an
arahat
whose destination after death is not found in any of the five kinds of
destination.)
Then Va~gÊsa, the youth, said to the Buddha: ‚O Reverend Gotama, there is no loss to
him who exchanges a
manta
for a
manta
. I will give you my
chavasÊsa manta
in exchange
for your Buddha-
manta
which you have first uttered.‛ The Buddha replied: ‚Vangisa, we
Buddhas do not make any exchange of
mantas
. We give it free, out of good will, to those
who want it.‛ ‚Very well, Reverend Gotama,‛ said Va~gÊsa, ‚may the Reverend Gotama
give the
manta
to me,‛ and he made an unmistakable gesture of reverence to the Buddha,
with his two palms together which resembled a young tortoise.
Then the Buddha said: ‚Va~gÊsa, is there, in your Brahmanic custom, a period of
probation as a comprehensive way of fulfilling an obligation by someone who asks for and
receives a favour?‛ ‚There is, Reverend Gotama.‛ ‚Va~gÊsa, do you think there is no
probationary period for one who wishes to learn a
manta
in our Teaching?‛ It was in the
Brahmanic tradition not to be satisfied in learning
mantas
. Vangisa felt he must get the
Buddha-
manta
at any cost. So he said: ‚O Reverend Gotama, I will abide by your rules.‛
‚Va~gÊsa, when we teach the Buddha-
manta
we do so only to one who takes on the
appearance like that of ourselves.‛
Va~gÊsa had set his mind on learning the Buddha-
manta
after fulfilling the condition
required by the Buddha, so he said to his followers: ‚Now, do not take it amiss about my
becoming a
bhikkhu
. I must learn the Buddha-
manta
. Having learnt it, I will become the
greatest master in this JambudÊpa, and that will be a good thing for you too.‛ After
consoling his associates thus, Va~gÊsa became a
bhikkhu
for the purpose of learning the
Buddha-
manta
.
(Note: The preceptor who sponsored Va~gÊsa in the formal ceremony of admission
was the Venerable Nigrodhakappa, an
arahat
, who happened to be near the Buddha
at that time. The Buddha said to the Venerable Nigrodhakappa: ‚Nigrodhakappa,
Va~gÊsa wishes to become a
bhikkhu
. See to his admission into the Order.‛
Nigrodhakappa taught the meditation practice on the five aspects of the loathsome
body to Vangisa and led him into bhikkhuhood.)
—— Sutta NipÈta Commentary ——
Then the Buddha said to the Venerable Va~gÊsa: ‚Va~gÊsa, now observe the probationer's
practice as a learner of the
manta
,‛ and taught him how to reflect on the thirty-two parts of
the body. Vangisa, being a man of keen intellect uttering the thirty-two parts and
meditating on the arising and dissolution of (physical phenomena comprising) the thirty-
two parts, gained insight into physical phenomena and attained arahatship.
After Va~gÊsa had attained arahatship, his brahmin friends visited him to find out how he
was progressing. They said to him: ‚Va~gÊsa, how now? Have you learnt the
manta
from
SamaÓa Gotama?‛ ‚Ah, yes, I have,‛ replied Venerable Va~gÊsa. ‚Then let us go,‛ they
said. ‚You go yourselves. I have no more business to be in your company.‛ On hearing this
plain answer, the Brahmins said: ‚We had forewarned you that SamaÓa Gotama had a way
of winning over his visitors by trickery. Now you have fallen under the spell of Samana
Gotama, What business is there for us with you?‛ Vituperating, their erstwhile friend thus,