THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1248
four months, able to reach the apex (arahatship) of your monkhood? So get out of this
dwelling!‛ As driven out by his elder brother, the novice C|Äapanthaka dared not stay there
and stood, weeping at the edge of the dwelling (where his brother would not see).
At that time, the Buddha was sojourning in the Mango-grove monastery, built and
dedicated by the physician JÊvaka, with RÈjagaha as His resort for alms-food. Then JÊvaka
sent a man to the Buddha to invite him along with five hundred monks for the next day’s
meal. At that moment Venerable MahÈpanthaka was the
bhatt'udesaka
, ‘in-charge of food
distribution’. The man therefore referred the matter to him, saying: ‚Venerable Sir, please
accept the food offerings for five hundred monks.‛ ‚I accept the food for the monks‛ he
replied, ‚except C|Äapanthaka.‛
Meditation Subject given by The Buddha
Hearing the reply, Venerable C|Äapanthaka was extremely dejected. Seeing the
Venerable's plight and knowing that he would achieve liberation ‘on my visit’, the Buddha
went to him and, showing Himself from a distance neither too near nor too far, asked:
‚Dear son C|Äapanthaka, why are you weeping?‛ ‚Because, Venerable Sir, my brother
Thera expels me,‛ answered C|Äapanthaka. ‚Dear son Panthaka,‛ addressed the Buddha,
‚your brother possesses no
asayÈnusaya
-
ÒÈÓa,
the power of knowing intentions and
inclinations of beings. But you are
buddhaveneyya-puggala
, ‘an individual to be led by a
Buddha.’ ‛ With these encouraging words, the Buddha gave him a piece of clean but rough
cloth created by his power. The Buddha added: ‚Dear son Panthaka, keep this in your fist,
muttering ‘
Rajo haraÓaÑ, rajo haranaÑ
—— This cloth is liable to take dirt! This cloth is
liable to take dirt.’ Thus you meditate on it.‛
(Herein, C|Äapanthaka in a pervious birth was a king and while touring the city for
inspection, his forehead sweated and he wiped the sweat with his clean waist-
garment. The garment became dirty. The King then talked to himself: ‚Because of
the impure body, such a clean cloth becomes impure, abandoning its own nature.
Impermanent indeed are things conditioned!‛
Thus he gained the perception of impermanence. Hence for C|Äapanthaka, the
meditation subject of ‘
rajo haraÓaÑ
’ was a forceful contribution to his attainment
of arahatship. Therefore the Buddha gave him the clean rough cloth as he saw the
Thera's previous good act and as He wished to urge him to engage meditation on
the subject that matched with that good act.)
Attainment of Arahatship
Venerable C|Äapanthaka sat down rubbing with his hand the cloth given by the Buddha
and muttering ‚
Rajo haraÓaÑ, rajo haraÓaÑ
—— It is liable to take dirt! It is liable to take
dirt!‛ When he did the rubbing several times, the threads of the garment began to get dirty.
When he repeated the rubbing, the cloth became dirtier like a kitchen-cloth. As the time
came for his wisdom to ripen, the law of extinction and destruction manifested itself in his
mind. And he reflected: ‚This piece of cloth was originally white and clean. But on account
of its association with my body (
upÈdinnaka
), it is now full of dirt. My mind is also like
this cloth. It happens like the cloth. The mind, originally pure and clean in its unperturbed
state, tends to become soiled on account of its association with such unwholesome
concomitant factors as greed, hate, delusion, etc. Having thus reflected on his person and
heart, he proceeded to strive for mental concentration and gained the four
r|pÈrvacara-
jhÈnas
. When he, on the basis of these
jhÈnas,
engaged in
vipassanÈ
meditation, he attained
arahatship together with the fourfold Analytical Knowledge. As he had mastered the
manomaya
-
r|pÈvacara-jhÈna
, i.e. the
r|pÈvacara-jhÈna
involving mentally produced
forms, he was able to create many bodies from one or one body from many and had other
similar powers. Besides, he was accomplished in the Teaching (Three PiÔakas) and
endowed with the six psychic powers. (Such happenings are called
maggasiddha-pariyatti
and
maggasiddha-abhiÒÒÈ
, ‚without particularly learning and without particularly striving‛,
one becomes learned in the Teaching and possessed of psychic powers as soon as one
attains
arahatta-magga
. Both learning and powers took place by the force of the
magga
, so
may it be said.)