Chapter 42
This is the gist of the Dhammacakka-pavattana Sutta.
Some salient points in the Dhammacakka.
What is it that is termed ‚
Dhammacakka
‛?
Dhammacakka
is a term referred to two kinds of the knowledge of the Buddha: the
penetrative knowledge (
paÔivedha ÒÈÓa
) (i.e. the four
magga ÒÈÓas
) and the power of
exposition (
desanÈ ÒÈÓa
). I shall expand this:
The Four Path Knowledges, consisting of the twelve aspects of the Four Truths, that
arose in the Bodhisatta who was about to attain Perfect Enlightenment is the
Dhammacakka
; and the power of exposition on the self - same twelve aspects of the Four
Truths, which was making clear to the Group of Five is also the
Dhammacakka
. They are
called
Dhammacakka
, the wheel of the Dhamma or Righteousness, because these two kinds
of Buddha-Knowledge destroy all the defilements just as a powerful missile destroys all
enemies.
Both Knowledges arose in the heart of the Buddha. By means of them the Buddha caused
the Wheel of the Dhamma to turn, caused it to happen.
This Wheel is said to be turning up to the moment when the Venerable KoÓÉaÒÒa and the
eighteen crores of BrahmÈs attained
sotÈpatti-phala
. That is because the function of the
Wheel did not end till that precise moment. From that moment, when the first (full-fledged
ariyas
)
sotÈpatti-phala
puggalas
in KoÓÉaÒÒa and the eighteen crores of BrahmÈs appeared
in the world, the Wheel of the Dhamma is said to have been turned, i.e. the Kingdom of
Righteousness became established. This is because since the time when the Teaching of
Buddha Kassapa became extinct, up to this point under Buddha Gotama, nobody had been
able to turn this Wheel through the above-mentioned two Buddha-Knowledges. (SÈrattha
Tika)
In the matter of penetration of the Four Truths, the Truth of Cessation is penetrated or
perceived through having NibbÈna as object of the mind. The remaining three Truths are
perceived in their respective functions. It means that the Four Truths are simultaneously
revealed at the instant
magga
ÒÈÓa
dispels bewilderment or ignorance that had concealed
the Four Truths.
(These are some salient points on the Dhammacakka-pavattana Sutta)
The Anatta-lakkhaÓa Sutta
Some Important Remarks.
After the Buddha had KoÓÉaÒÒa established in
sotÈpatti-phala
, He tended to the Group of
Five ascetics for their spiritual development like children. From the first waning day of
VesÈkha, He did not go on the alms-round but, instead, remained back to teach them His
doctrine. On the first waning day, and on the second waning day Venerables Vappa and
Bhaddiya attained
sotÈpatti-phala
respectively, both of them being called up by the Buddha
Himself: ‚Come,
bhikkhu.
‛
Then the Buddha let the Venerables KoÓÉaÒÒa, Vappa and Bhaddiya to go on the alms-
round, and taught the doctrine to the Venerables MahÈnÈma and Assaji. The Buddha and
His five disciples sustained themselves on the alms-food collected by the three
bhikkhus
.
Then on the third and fourth waning day of VesÈkha, the Venerables MahÈnÈma and Assaji
were established in
sotÈpatti-phala
, both being called up by the Buddha Himself: ‚Come,
bhikkhu.
‛
After all the five ascetics became established in
sotÈpatti-phala
, the Buddha, on the fifth
waning day, decided to expound the doctrine further so as to lead them to arahatship. And
accordingly on that day He taught them the
Anatta-lakkhaÓa Sutta
.
The theme of the
Anatta-lakkhaÓa Sutta
is that:
(a) First, the Buddha introduced the discourse with the statement ‚corporeality,
bhikkhus
,