Chapter 42
i)
ThÈnÈthÈna Kosalla-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge that understand what is appropriate as
appropriate, and what is impossible as impossible.
ii)
VipÈka-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge of the operation of kamma in the three periods (past, present
and future), as to the immediate results and contributory or subsidiary result.
iii)
SabbatthagÈminÊpatipadÈ-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge that understands the ways or the modes of
practice that leads to various forms of existence, and the way or the right practice that
leads to
NibbÈna
.
iv)
AnekadhÈtu-nÈnÈ
: Knowledge that understands the various elements pertaining to
living beings, the aggregates, and sense-bases, etc. as well as those pertaining to non-living
things as to their species, genes, etc.
(Paccekabuddha and the two Chief Disciples have some limited knowledge about the
elements constituting living beings. They do not have knowledge of the various nature of
non-living things. As for the Buddha, He understands what elements are responsible for the
species of tree with a white stem, or for the species of tree with a dark stem; or for the
species of tree with a dark smooth stem, or for the species of tree with thick bark; or for
the species of tree with thin bark. He knows what particular elements make a certain
species of tree to have such and such leaves with such shape and colour, etc.; what
particular elements make a certain species of tree to have flowers of a particular colour or
of a particular smell, such as good smell, bad smell, etc. He knows what particular
elements make a certain species of tree to have fruit of such and such shape, size, smell,
and taste such as sweet, sour, hot or astringent. He knows what particular elements make a
certain species of tree to have thorns of such and such nature, such as sharp, blunt, straight,
curved, red, black, white, brown, etc. Knowledge of non-living things and their intrinsic
nature such as these are the province of the Buddha only, and are beyond the capabilities of
Paccekabuddhas and disciples.) (Ref: Commentary on the Abhidhamma.)
v)
NÈnÈdhimuttika-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge of the different inclinations of beings.
vi)
Indriyaparopariyattha-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge of the maturity and immaturity of the
faculties in beings.
vii)
JhÈnavimokkha samÈdhisamÈpatti-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge concerning the defiling factors,
and the purifying factors with regard to the
jhÈnas
, deliverances, concentration and
attainments and knowledge of rising from
jhÈnas
.
viii)
PubbenivÈsÈnussati-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge in remembering former existences.
ix)
Cut|papÈta-ÒÈÓa
or
Dibbacakkhu-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge in perceiving with the Divine Eye
how beings pass away and are reborn according to their actions.
x)
Œsavakkhaya-ÒÈÓa
: Knowledge of
arahatta-magga
through extinction of moral taints.
How The Buddha engages The Ten Powers
First, the Buddha surveys the world with the first of the Ten Knowledges to see the
possible beings to gain enlightenment by examining, whether there are the gross types of
wrong view in them that render them impossible to gain
arahatta-magga
.
Next, He examines, by means of the Second Knowledge, the type of rebirth to see if they
were born only with two good root causes (
dvihetu
) or with no root causes (
ahetu
), in
which cases, the subject cannot gain enlightenment in the present existence, being born
with deficient merit. Then He examines by the means of the Third Knowledge, the
presence or otherwise of the five kinds of grave evil actions in the subject: (1) Killing one's
own mother, (2) Killing one's own father, (3) Killing an
arahat
, (4) Rupturing the Buddha's
blood vessels, (5) Causing schism amongst the Sangha.
After examining beings by means of the first three Knowledges, to see the state of their
past actions, their defilements and their resultants, whether they were handicapped for
enlightenment or not in these three areas, the Buddha attended His mind on those not so
handicapped. He engages the Fourth Knowledge to ascertain the right type of discourse to
be given to the right person, considering the latter's mental make up (i.e. the elements that