Chapter 42
them when their mind attends to those five
atthas
, as well as the (three) lower
magga
s and
phalas
when their mind attends to NibbÈna.)
(ii)
Dhamma paÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
: Discriminating and comprehensive knowledge about
phenomena.
Herein ‘
dhamma
’ means: (a) causes that produce results, (b) the four Ariya Paths, (c) the
spoken word of the Buddha (
PÈli
) (d) meritorious thoughts (i.e. mind and mental
concomitants) (e) demeritorious thoughts (i.e. mind and mental concomitants).
The Buddha became endowed with the above four kinds of
dhamma
(causes) as soon as
He attained Buddhahood. Being endowed with Analytical Knowledge of
dhamma
, the
Buddha knew discriminately and comprehensively about every
dhamma
and was able to
expound them to others. The great non-causative consciousness associated with knowledge
that arises in the Buddha when His mind attends to the above five
dhamma
s is the
dhamma
paÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
of the Buddha. In the case of
ariyas
, who are still training themselves to
attain
arahatta-phala
, such as the Venerable Œnanda, Analytical Knowledge of
dhamma
means the great meritorious consciousness associated with knowledge. (The same applies
with regard to the next two Analytical Knowledge).
(iii)
Nirutti patisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
: Analytical Knowledge of the natural language of the
ariyas
(i.e.
mÈgadhi
) concerning the five kinds of
attha
and the five kinds of
dhamma
(causes).
The Buddha became endowed with the Analytical Knowledge of the natural language of
ariyas
(i.e.
mÈgadhi
). Being endowed with Analytical Knowledge of (words and grammar)
the natural language of the
ariyas
, (i.e.
mÈgadhi
) the Buddha is able to teach it to others.
Indeed that is so – The five kinds of
attha
and the five kinds of
dhamma
need a wealth
of words. For each of
dhamma
item, a wide range of vocabulary and grammatical forms
and nuances of the natural language of the
ariyas
(i.e.
mÈgadhi
) is at the facile command of
the Buddha. For example, a single
dhamma
factor ‘
phassa
’ (contact) is expressed in its
various forms, such as ‘
phasso’
(contact), ‘
phusanÈ
’ (being in contact), ‘
samphusanÈ
’ (full
contact), ‘
samphasitattha
’ (contacting well), to bring out its various intrinsic meanings.
Likewise
lobha
(greed) is explained in more than a hundred terms. (Refer to
Dhammasa~ganÊ
, para 456)
(iv)
PatibhÈna patisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
: This is the Analytical Knowledge that ‚
attha
paÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
has discriminative and comprehensive knowledge about results; that
dhamma paÔisambhÈ-ÒÈÓa
has discriminative and comprehensive knowledge about five
dhamma
s; that
nirutte paÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
has Analytical Knowledge about words and
grammar.‛ Briefly put, it is knowledge about the three kinds of Analytical Knowledge, that
knowledge which has all knowledge as object and considers them discriminately. The
Buddha became endowed with this Knowledge about the kinds of knowledge as soon as He
attained Buddhahood. (
Nirutti paÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
and
paÔibhÈna paÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
, like
the previous
paÔisambhidhÈ-ÒÈÓas
, are the great non-causative consciousness associated
with knowledge
mahÈ
kiriya mahÈ kusala ÒÈÓa
).
(Note: The fourth of the four
paÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓas
discriminately knows the
functions of the three other Knowledges but is not able to discharge those
functions itself. It is just like a preacher, without a good voice, who is well versed
in scriptural knowledge and who is unable to preach as well as another good
preacher who is gifted with a good voice but has scanty knowledge of the
scriptures.)
Two bhikkhus learnt the art of preaching. One was poor in voice but intelligent; the other
had a good voice but not intelligent. The latter made a great name everywhere he preached,
the audience had a very good impression of him and said: ‚From the way this
bhikkhu
preaches, he must be one who has committed to memory the Three PiÔakas.‛ When the
learned
bhikkhu
with a poor voice heard these remarks, he became jealous and said: ‚Well,
you will find whether he is master of the Three PiÔakas when you hear him preach next
time.‛ (He implies that: ‚You are going to hear much the same stuff.‛) Yet whatever he
might say about that popular preacher, he is just unable to preach as well as the one with a