THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
74
F. Fifteen Kinds of Conduct (CaraÓa) and Fivefold Higher Knowledge (Abhinnas) together
with Their Components
Like reflections stated above, fifteen kinds of Conduct and fivefold Higher Knowledge,
together with their components, also form the basis of the
pÈramÊs
.
Fifteen kinds of Conduct are:
(1) Observance of precepts (
Sila samvara
).
(2) Closing securely with mindfulness the six doors of sense faculties, namely, eye,
ear, nose, tongue, body and mind so that no plunder by bandits in the form of evil
deeds could take place (
Indriyesu guttadvarata
).
(3) Being moderate in eating (
Bhojanamattannuta
).
(4) Out of the six divisions of a (24-hour) day, namely, morning, mid-day, evening,
first watch, second watch and last watch of the night, sleeping only in the second
watch, and engaging in meditation only in the two postures of sitting and walking
during the remaining five periods (
JÈgariyÈnuyoga
).
(5-11) The seven virtues of the good; faith, mindfulness, moral shame of doing evil,
moral dread of doing evil, learning, energy and wisdom.
(12-15) The four
jhÈna
s (the first, the second, the third and the fourth).
Of these fifteen
caraÓas
, the components of the first four are the thirteen ascetic
practices (
dhutanga
)
16
, and such qualities as having few wants, being easily contented, and
etc.
Of the seven virtues of the good
dhamma
,
(a) the components of faith are:
(i)
recollection of the Buddha (
BuddhÈnussati
);
(ii)
recollection of the Dhamma (
DhammÈnussati
);
(iii)
recollection of the Sangha (
Sanghanussati
);
(iv)
recollection of one's morality (
SÊlÈnussati
);
(v)
recollection of generosity (
CÈgÈnussati
);
(vi)
recollection of one's faith, morality, learning, sacrifice and wisdom, with devas as
witness (
Devatanussatti
);
(vii)
recollection of attributes of NibbÈna (
UpasamÈnussati
);
(viii)
non-association with people of barren, dry faith (
L|kha-puggala parivajjana
);
(ix)
association with amiable men of faith (
Siniddhapuggala
);
(x)
reflection on
dhamma
s which inspire devotional faith (
PasÈdanÊya dhamma
paccavekkana
); and
(xi)
inclination to generate faith in all posture (
TadadhimuttatÈ
).
(b) the components of mindfulness are:
(i)
mindfulness and clear comprehension in the seven movements, such as moving
forward, moving backward, etc.;
16. 13
Dhuta~gas
are enumerated in the Visuddhimagga: (1) wearing patched-up robes
(
pamsuk|lik'anga)
; (2) wearing only three robes (
tecivarik'a~ga)
; (3) going for alms
(
pindapÈtik'anga)
; (4) not omitting any house whilst going for alms (
sapadÈnik'anga)
; (5) eating
at one sitting (
ekÈsanik'anga)
; (6) eating only from the alms-bowl (
pattapintik'anga)
; (7) refusing
all other food (
khalupaccha-bhattik'anga)
; (8) living in the forest (
Èrannik'anga)
; (9) living
under a tree (
rukkha-m|lik'anga)
; (10) living in the open air (
abbokÈsik'anga)
; (11) living in a
eemetary (
susÈnik'anga)
; (12) being satisfied with whatever dwelling (
yathÈ-santhatik'anga)
;
(13) sleeping in sitting position (and never lying down) (
nesajjik'anga)
.