THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1142
long journey. The four requisites that are offered after making a journey for that purpose
are called
Œhana
. The Ariya
Sangha deserve to receive such offerings on account of the
four conditions that they are endowed with. In this sense also the Ariya
Sangha are
possessed of
Èhuneyyo
.
(Still another interpretation:) The Ariya
Sangha are endowed with
Èhuneyyo
because they
deserve to receive offerings from Sakka, King of Devas, and such powerful personages.
Taken in another light, in the
brÈhmana
tradition, they keep a sacrificial fire called
Èhavaniya
(which has the same meaning as
Èhuneyyo
.) They believe that, if they feed butter
to this fire as offering, they earn much merit. If the offering to the sacrificial fire brings
merit, and is thus called
Èhavaniya
, the Ariya
Sangha who can bestow great merit to the
donor are truly
Èhuneyyo
. For the so-called
Èhavaniya
of the
brahmins
do not bring any
real benefit: the butter that they feed the sacrificial fire just gets consumed and becomes
ash. The Ariya
Sangha, being possessed of the four noble attributes as condition,
unfailingly bestow much merit to the donor, and are truly
Èhuneyyo
.
Yo ca vassasataÑ jantu
aggiÓ paricare vane
ekaÒca bhÈvitattÈnaÑ
muhuttamapi pÊjaye
sÈ yeva p|janÈ seyyo
yance vassasatam hutaÑ.
One may tend the sacrificial fire in the forest for a hundred years.
One may, on the other hand,
Make offerings reverentially just once
To those noble ones who dwell in insight-meditation.
This offering is indeed of greater benefit
Than a hundred years of tending the sacrificial fire.
—— Dhammapada v, 107; Sahassa Vagga ——
The above stanza brings out the significance of the
Èhuneyyo
attribute of the Ariya
Sangha.
(6)
PÈhuneyyo
: Guests who visit you from all the various quarters are called
pÈhuna
.
Gifts and offerings such as food, made ready for them are also called
pÈhuna
. In this
context the second meaning applies. (
PÈhuna
, gifts and offerings meant for guests;
eyya
,
deserve to receive.) Gifts and offerings set aside for guests should be offered to the
Sangha, if the Sangha visits your place, i.e., Guests come only next to the
sangha
. The
Sangha deserve top priority because they are endowed with the four attributes discussed
above. That indeed is so because (however important one's guests may be,) the
ariya
Sangha appear in the world only when the Buddha appears. And the arising of a Buddha
takes incalculable aeons. Further, the Sangha are so imbued with noble qualities that they
are a source of pleasure, and are the incomparable friend or relative that call at your door.
For these reasons the Sangha are entitled to receive special offerings meant for one's
valued guests,
PÈhuneyyo
.
(7)
DakkhiÓeyyo
: ‘
DakkhiÓÈ
’ has been defined as: ‚
DakkhaÓti etÈya sattÈ yathÈdippetÈhi
sampattÊhi vaÉÉhantÊti dakkhiÓÈ
. —— The volition, through which beings are blessed with
whatever they wish to have or to be, is called
DakkhiÓÈ
.‛ This means that the gift or
offering made with a view for future wellbeing is called
DakkhiÓÈ
. If someone does not
believe in the hereafter, i.e. if he holds an annihilist view, then he will not make offerings
for future wellbeing.
According to the Buddha's doctrine,
arahats
, i.e. the Buddha and His
arahat
-disciples,
having eradicated ignorance and craving for existence, which are the root causes of the
round of existences, will not be reborn in a new existence. Until the two root causes have
been eradicated, rebirth is inevitable (however much one holds an annihilist view). Just as a