Chapter 42
Further Explanation
(1) The Ariya
Sangha take upon themselves the Doctrine and discipline as taught by the
Buddha. This is taking up the true practice, the faultless practice. Hence they are
endowed with the true practice.
(2) The Sangha take up the eight constituents of the Path and thereby steer the middle
course, avoiding the two extremes (of sense-gratification and self-mortification). This
practice is also straight, without the slightest deviation or crookedness, in any
examples of the three examples of crookedness. Hence they are endowed with the
straightforward upright practice.
(3) NibbÈna, which is penetrable only by
magga-phala-ÒÈÓa
is called
©ÈÓa
(knowledge).
Since the Sangha strive for realizing
ÒÈÓa
, they are endowed with the practice leading
to NibbÈna.
(4) Worshipping, welcoming, raising joined palms by way of obeisance, and offering of
the four
bhikkhu
requisites are acts of veneration called
SamÊcikamma
. Devas and men
perform these acts of veneration towards the Sangha, having regard for the morality,
concentration and wisdom of the Sangha. Anyone, lacking in morality, concentration
and wisdom, does not deserve veneration. As for the Community of the Disciples of
the Buddha, the taking up of the right practice which is the Ariya Path, endows them
with morality, concentration and wisdom as the necessary threefold training. And so
they deserve veneration. Since they conduct themselves to be worthy of veneration
through their noble practice, they are endowed with
samÊcipaÔipanno
. These four
attributes are the conditions for their homage worthiness.
The Eight Categories of Ariyas in Four Pairs
(a) The
ariya
established in the First Path or the Stream-Enterer and the
ariya
established
in the Fruition thereof;
(b) The
ariya
established in the Second Path or the Once-Returner and the
ariya
established in the Fruition thereof;
(c) The
ariya
established in the Third Path or the Never-Returner and the
ariya
established
in the Fruition thereof;
(d) The
ariya
established in the Fourth Path or the
arahatta-magga
puggalo
and the
ariya
established in the Fruition thereof or the
arahatta-phala puggalo
(The
arahat
).
Œhuneyyo, etc.
Those four pairs, making eight categories of
ariyas
, being endowed with the four
attributes as conditions, such as
suppaÔipanno
, are entitled to the five noble privileges such
as
Èhuneyyo
which also are their attributes as consequences.
(5)
Œhuneyyo
: (
a
: even brought from afar;
huna
, the four requisites as offerings;
eyya
,
entitled to receive). The Ariya
Sangha can, on account of their four attributes as conditions
such as
suppaÔipanno
bestow great merit to the donors who offer them the four
bhikkhu
requisites. Therefore, if the donor has these articles ready to offer when the
ariya
Sangha
goes for alms-collection, he should offer them gladly. If those articles are not at hand, he
should try and procure them even from afar and offer them. Those articles brought from
afar and offered are called
Èhuna
. The
ariya
Sangha who are endowed with the four
conditions are entitled to receive those offerings brought from afar and more so because in
accepting them, the donors earn great merit. Therefore the Ariya
Sangha are possessed of
the attribute of
Èhuneyyo
.
(Another interpretation:) (
a
; even brought from afar;
huneyya
, worthy to offer the four
bhikkhu
requisites) The Ariya
Sangha can bestow much merit on the donor because they
are endowed with the four noble conditions. Therefore the donor, wishing to gain much
merit, should make offerings not only when the Sangha goes to them on alms-collection,
but should go and make offerings to the Sangha at their monastery which may necessitate a