Chapter 42
relates to the Doctrine as expounded by the Buddha, and that the remaining five relate to
the nine Supramundane factors. Visuddhi-magga MahÈÔÊkÈ (Volume I) discusses this matter
in another light which is briefly reproduced below:
‚Although the Commentary says that in specific terms the five attributes beginning with
sandiÔÔhiko
belong to the Supramundane, they can also be considered as belonging to the
Doctrine or
pariyatti-dhamma
on the following grounds:
A wise person, who is learned, who has memorized much PÈli, who is of very stable
mindfulness, can perceive the Doctrine as being excellent in the beginning, etc and so the
Doctrine is
sandiÔÔhiko
, as
sandiÔÔhiko
is defined as ‚
SandiÔÔhiya jayatÊti sandiÔÔhiko
– that
the knowledge of the Doctrine can be a tool to conquer believers of other doctrines‛ – it
is specifically
sandiÔÔhiko
. In conquering the defilements, knowledge of the Doctrine is a
contributing factor and so the Doctrine is by inference
sandiÔÔhiko.
As another definition
puts it: ‚
SandiÔÔhaÑ arahatÊti sandiÔÔhiko ——
that the Doctrine has been expounded to clear
away all defiling factors‛ and directed at the promotion of pure meritorious factors, it is
worthy to be studied closely to gain perception. Hence it is
sandiÔÔhiko
.
Since the Doctrine is the true condition for the attainment of the supramundane
magga
,
which may be realized at all times, it is
akÈliko
, considered from the point of probable
result.
The Doctrine itself is real and is perfectly pure. So it also is open to inspection and can
invite all the world to come and see it, to learn it, and to examine it. Hence it is also
ehipassiko
.
Being replete with these attributes, the Doctrine is worthy of being constantly borne in
mind by the wise who wish to make an end of
dukkha
. Therefore it is
opaneyyiko
.
One who studies the Doctrine with a mind intent on arahatship, will get delightful
satisfaction both on account of its excellence in language and excellence in meaning. This
quality of giving delightful satisfaction to the wise individually, according to their capacity,
is truly
paccattaÑveditabbo
.
This is the explanation given in Visuddhi-magga MahÈ Tika about how the five
later attributes of the Dhamma can also belong to the Doctrine.
The Nine Supreme Attributes of The Sangha
SuppaÔipanno bhagavato sÈvakasaÑgho ujuppaÔipanno bhagavato sÈvakasaÑgho,
ÒÈyappaÔipanno
bhagavato
sÈvakasaÑgho
sÈmÊcippaÔipanno
bhagavato
sÈvakasaÑgho. YadidaÑ cattÈri purisayugÈni aÔÔhapurisa puggalÈ esa bhagavato
sÈvakasaÑgho Èhuneyyo pÈhuneyyo dakkhiÓeyyo aÒjalÊkaranÊyo anuttaraÑ
puÒÒakhettaÑ lokassa.
(The PÈli text of the nine supreme attributes of the Sangha) Its meaning:
(1) The community of the disciples of the Buddha, i.e. the eight classes of the
ariya
Sangha, take up the
bhikkhu
practice well, and hence are
suppaÔipanno
.
(2) The community of the
ariya
disciples of the Buddha are endowed with straight-
forward uprightness (
ujuppaÔipanno
) because they follow the straight Middle way.
(3) The community of the
ariya
disciples of the Buddha strive to attain NibbÈna, hence
they are
ÒÈyapaÔippanno
.
(4) The community of the
ariya
disciples of the Buddha are endowed with correctness of
practice, being ashamed to do evil and abhorrent to do evil, being always mindful, and
controlling their conduct, even being prepared to die rather than lose morality, hence
they are
sÈmÊcippaÔipanno
.
The disciples of the Buddha, the Ariya Sangha consisting of eight categories of disciples
in four pairs. These really great persons:-
(5) - are worthy of receiving offerings brought even from afar; (
Èhuneyyo
)
(6) - are worthy of receiving offerings specially set aside for special guests; (
pÈhuneyyo
)