Chapter 42
Enlightenment while
Lokavid|
signifies the efficacy of the Buddha's discriminating
knowledge about the mental framework of His hearers, such as tendencies, etc.
Hence two different attributes are proclaimed.)
VijjÈcaraÓa sampanno
completely conveys the comprehensive accomplishment of
the Buddha by Himself.
Sugata
proclaims both the Buddha's accomplishment by Himself and the
achievement in working for the welfare of others, together with the underlying
cause of both.
AnuttaropurisadammasÈrathi
and
satthÈdevamanussÈna
clearly demonstrate the
Buddha's achievement in bringing the welfare of others.
Buddho
brings out the meaning of accomplishment by Himself as well as
accomplishment for the good of others. (After mentioning
SammÈsambuddho
, the
Buddha further proclaims
Buddho
because the former indicates His penetrative
knowledge whereas the latter conveys His knowledge in imparting knowledge.)
BhagavÈ
highlights both the Buddha's accomplishment for Himself and the success
in bringing the welfare of others.
Considered in another light, the supreme attributes of the Buddha fall under three
categories, namely: (i) Attributes that are root causes (
hetu
), (ii) attributes that are results
(
phala
), and (iii) attributes that bring welfare to others (
satt| pakÈra
). (These three may be
called success in root cause, success in result, and success in welfare of the world.)
The first four attributes, viz.
ArahaÑ, SammÈsambuddho, VijjÈcaraÓasampanno,
Lokavid|,
portray the root causes of attributes that the Buddha is endowed with.
AnuttaropurisadammasÈrathi
and
SattÈdevamanussÈnaÑ
clearly describe the
Buddha's success in working for the good of others.
Buddho
clearly points out to the Buddha's endowment of happy root cause as well
as accomplishment for the good of others.
Sugata
and
BhagavÈ
reveal the endowment of the three kinds of success, i.e. in
root cause, in result and in the welfare of the world.
(These two modes of explanation are taken from Visuddhi-magga MahÈÔÊkÈ, Volume I)
Contemplation of The Buddha (BuddhÈ-nussati BhÈvanÈ)
Myanmar devotees, who can read PÈli and know only the Myanmar language, should
commit to memory the nine attributes of the Buddha in PÈli and Myanmar as given above.
They should recite each of them at a speed neither too slowly nor too fast, reflecting on its
meaning. One who reflects on the attributes of the Buddha, while doing so, prevents the
arising of thoughts of lust, hatred and bewilderment, besides gaining concentration which
clears the mind of lethargy and distraction, and rendering it possible for a righteous
thought-process to arise through the equanimous attitude of straight mental exercise.
When the concentration gets stronger through this meditation practice, the hindrances
(
nÊvaraÓa
) fall off, and defilements are quelled and consequently, five faculties such as
faith (
saddhÈ
) become very pure and effective. The repeated reflection on the Buddha
sharpens initial application of the mind (
vitakka
) and sustained application of the mind
(
vicÈra
). When these two factors are functioning well, delightful satisfaction (
pÊti
) arises.
Due to the delightful satisfaction, serenity of mental concomitants and serenity of mind
arise, as the result of which physical and mental uneasiness (defilements associated with
subtle forms of distraction) are quelled. When there is serenity of mind and serenity of
mental concomitants, happiness that causes the arising of concentration becomes
pronounced. The thought-process being enriched by happiness is firmly fixed on the object
of meditation.
Thus the factors involved in meditation, beginning from initial application of the mind,
become more and more efficient stage by stage. The mind is neither retarded nor distracted
so that the medium attitude of mental exercise or equanimity is maintained and the five