Chapter 42
five aggregates of the Buddha is the possessor of this attribute.
(The attribute
sattÈdeva-manussÈnaÑ
should not be taken only to mean to cover
devas and humans. The term
devamanuussÈnaÑ
is used to give prominence to
beings of the fortunate existences and who are fit to become liberated. However,
the Buddha also gives appropriate guidance and counsel to animals so that they also
benefit from it and are thereby equipped with sufficing condition to attain
magga-
phala
in their next existence or in the third existence. The Commentary gives the
example of MaÓÉ|ka Devaputta which is related below.)
The Story of MaÓÉ|ka Devaputta
At one time, the Buddha was staying at a monastery close to GaggarÈ Lake, near the city
of CampÈ, which served as His place for collecting daily alms-food. One morning, on His
usual Buddha-routine of entering the absorption of Compassion, He saw that, if He held a
sermon in the evening, a frog would come and being absorbed in the sound of the Dhamma
speech, it would be killed accidentally, and be reborn in the deva realm. And that deva
would come to Him, accompanied by his big retinue which would be seen by the large
audience who would gain knowledge of the Four Truths and so make an end of suffering.
After having this foreknowledge through His absorption of Compassion, the Buddha went
into the city of CampÈ for alms-round in the morning. When the morning meal was
finished, He went to the monastery, received the homage paid by the
bhikkhus
, and went
into seclusion in His Scented chamber, spending the day in the bliss of the absorption of
arahatta-phala
.
In the evening, when the four kinds of assembly were gathered at the lecture hall near
GaggarÈ Lake, the Buddha came out of His Scented Chamber, took His seat in the lecture
hall, and delivered a sermon.
At that time, a frog came out from the lake, listened to the voice of the Buddha, and
knowing that ‚this is the voice of the Dhamma‛, was absorbed in it. (Although animals do
not have the capacity to understand the meaning of the discourse, at least they can know
the voice as one of Dhamma or righteousness or as one of wrongness, as the case may be.)
Then a cowherd came upon the scene and being deeply impressed by the Buddha’s
splendour in delivering the sermon and the deep silence in which the audience were
listening to the sermon, he stood there leaning on his staff in hand. He did not notice that
there was a flog on whose head his staff was resting.
The frog died on the spot, even while it was absorbed in the sweet voice of the Dhamma.
As it died in full consciousness of the clear conviction in the goodness of the Dhamma, it
was reborn in the TÈvatiÑsa Deva realm, with a golden mansion twelve
yojanas
wide as his
residence, waited upon by a large retinue of deva maidens. Then he pondered on his new
state: ‚How have I got into this deva existence? I was just a frog in my previous existence.
What merit sent me, a mere animal to this high state?‛ And he saw no other merit than his
getting absorbed in the voice of the Buddha's sermon which was the voice of the Dhamma.
Then he went to the Buddha, while himself staying in his mansion, in the company of
deva maidens. He and his deva maidens descended from the mansion in full view of the
human audience and stood before the Buddha in worshipping attitude.
The Buddha knew the deva, who was the flog which was stamped to death just a moment
ago. Still, to let the audience realize the workings of
kamma
, as well as to show the
abnormal psychic power of the Buddha (in seeing the past existences of all beings), He said
to the deva in the following verse:
‚Surrounded by a large retinue,
Shedding resplendent light all around
with such powerful possession of personal aura,
who is it that pays homage to me?‛
And the deva who, just a moment ago, had been a frog replied: