Chapter 42
TÈvatiÑsa Deva realm is located on the summit of Mount Sineru. These two deva realms
are, therefore, terrestrial. Above the TÈvatiÑsa Deva realms lies YÈma Deva realm; above
that realm, TusitÈ Deva realm; above that realm lies NimmÈnarati Deva realm; above that
realm lies Paranimmita-vasavatti Deva realm. These six deva realms, together with the
human world, are called the Seven Fortunate Sensuous realms (
KÈma sugati bh|mi
). These
Seven Fortunate realms and the four miserable states of
apÈya
together are called the
eleven Sensuous Realms (
KÈma bh|mis
).
Above the six deva realms pertaining to the Sensuous Sphere, there are three BrahmÈ
realms of BrahmapÈrisajjÈ (Brahmas' retinue), BrahmapurohitÈ (Brahmas' Ministers) and
MahÈbrahmÈ (Great Brahmas) which are the three BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the first
jhÈna
of the Fine Material Sphere (
R|pÈ-vacara
). They are on the same plane.
Above the three BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the first
jhÈna
of the Fine Material Spheres,
there are the three BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the second
jhÈna
of the Fine Material
Sphere on the same plane, namely,
ParittÈbhÈ
(Brahmas of limited radiance),
AppamÈÓÈbhÈ
(Brahmas of measureless radiance), and
AbhassarÈ
(Brahmas of streaming radiance).
Above the three BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the second
jhÈna
of the Fine Material
Sphere, there are the three BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the third
jhÈna
of the Fine Material
Sphere on the same plane, namely,
ParittasubhÈ
(Brahmas of limited glory),
AppamÈÓÈsubha
(Brahmas of measureless glory), and
SubbhakiÓÓa
(Brahmas of refulgent
glory).
Above these realms there are two BrahmÈ realms (also pertaining to the Fine Material
Sphere) on the same level, namely,
Vehapphala
(‘very fruitful’) and
AsaÒÒasatta
(non-
percipient beings). Above these are the
AvihÈ
(‘bathed in their own prosperity’),
AtappÈ
(‘untormenting’),
SudassÈ
(‘fair-to-see’),
SudasÊ
(‘clear-sighted’) and
AkaniÔÔha
(‘Supreme’)
– five pure Abodes, lying one above the other successively.
Vehapphala
,
AsaÒÒasatta
and
the Five Pure Abodes pertain to the fourth
jhÈna
of the Fine Material Sphere. Thus there
are altogether sixteen BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the Fine Material Sphere.
Above the sixteen BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the Fine Material Sphere, there are the
four BrahmÈ realms pertaining to the Non-Material Sphere, namely,
ŒkÈsÈnaÒcÈ-yatana
(Infinity of Space),
ViÒÒÈÓaÒcÈ-yatana
(Infinity of Consciousness),
ŒkiÒcaÒÒÈ-yatana
(Nothingness),
and
NevasaÒÒÈvÈsaÒÒÈ-yatana
(Neither-Consciousness-nor-Non-
Consciousness), lying one above the other successively.
Thus, there are sixteen BrahmÈ realms of Fine Material Sphere and four BrahmÈ realms
of Non-Material Sphere, altogether making twenty BrahmÈ realms. When the eleven realms
of the Sensuous Sphere are added to them, there are the thirty-one realms in a world-
system. This is a brief description of their location.
In the foregoing manner, the Buddha has a complete knowledge of the infinite world-
systems as bases for sentient existence. This complete and clear knowledge of the world of
living beings, the world of conditioned phenomena and the world of non-living things is
the attribute of
lokavid|.
The five aggregates of the Buddha is the possessor of that
attribute. (Refer to the brief meaning given earlier on).
(6) Anuttaropurisa damma sÈrathi
Visuddhi-magga
gives
anuttaropurisadammasÈrathi
in two separate meanings:
anutaro
explained as one attribute and
dammasÈrathi
as another. And it also gives, as another
interpretation, a combined meaning as one attribute. We shall describe both the
interpretations here:
(a)
Anuttaro
: The Buddha is incomparable in morality, etc. in all the world so that He
reigns supreme in this attribute among the world of living beings. To explain this
further: the Buddha reigns supreme in morality, in concentration, in wisdom, in
emancipation, and in knowledge leading to emancipation. This supremacy is the
attribute of
anuttaro
; the five aggregates of the Buddha is possessor of that attribute.
(b)
PurisadammasÈrathi
: ‚He who tames those who deserve to be tamed.‛