THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
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(7) Beyond the (sixth) ring of Vinataka mountains, there is the (seventh) ring of mountains
called. AssakaÓÓa of which 656 (six hundred and fifty-six)
yojanas
is submerged in the
ocean and 656 (six hundred and fifty-six)
yojanas
rises up above the water.
Between Mount Sineru and between the encircling rings of mountains, there are seven
rings of rivers called SÊdÈ.
In the ocean, lying to the southern side of Mount Sineru, there is the southern Island
Continent called Jambudipa, called after the Rose Apple tree growing at the forefront of
the Island, and this Island is surrounded by five hundred lesser Islands.
Similarly, in the ocean, lying to the western side of Mount Sineru, there is the western
Island Continent called AparagoyÈna; on the northern side, the northern Island Continent of
Uttarakuru; add on the eastern side, the Eastern Island continent called Pubbavideha, each
of them surrounded by five hundred lesser islands.
In the Southern Island Continent of Jamb|dÊpa, the HimavantÈ mountain is five hundred
yojanas
high and three thousand
yojanas
broad lengthwise and breadthwise. It is graced by
eighty-four thousand peaks.
The Rose Apple tree growing at the forefront of Jamb|dÊpa Island Continent is of these
dimensions: its crown is fifteen
yojanas
across; from the ground up to the trunk where the
big boughs branch out, the height of the trunk is fifty
yojanas
, the big boughs are each fifty
yojanas
long, each with a foliage a hundred
yojanas
across, and a hundred
yojanas
high.
Of the same dimensions, the following six other great trees which last till the end of the
world-system: the Trumpet flower tree in the realm of AsurÈ at the old site of TÈvatiÑsa
devas, at the foot of Mount Sineru; the Silk Cotton tree in the realm of Garudas, the Nudea
Sessilifolia in the western Island Continent, the wishing tree in the northern Island
Continent, the Rain tree in the Eastern Island Continent, and the Indian Coral tree in the
TÈvatiÑsa Deva realm.
The circular ring of mountain that marks the limit of the universe has 82,000 (eighty-two
thousand)
yojanas
submerged under the ocean and 82,000 (eighty-two thousand)
yojanas
rising up above the water.
The shape of the Jamb|dÊpa Island Continent is a trapezium (the shape of the front
purl of a bullock-cart); the western Island Continent is of the shape of a brass
mirror (i.e., circular); the Eastern Island Continent is a crescent; and the Northern
Island Continent is a square. The inhabitants of those Island Continents are said to
have faces that have the same shape as that of the respective Island Continents).
—— Visuddhi-magga MahÈÔÊkÈ, Volume I ——
In each world-system there is (the mansion of) the Moon which has a diameter of forty-
nine
yojanas
; (the mansion of) the Sun which has a diameter of fifty
yojanas
.
The realm of TÈvatiÑsa devas, the realm of Asuras, the AvÊci Niraya, the Jamb|dÊpa
Island Continent – each of these four places is ten thousand
yojanas
wide. They are called
the Four Areas of Ten-thousand (
yojanas
) width.
The Northern Island Continent is seven thousand
yojanas
wide; the Eastern Island
Continent is of the same size; the Northern Island Continent is eight thousand
yojanas
wide.
All the above features constitute one world-system. The void spaces where three of the
world-systems touch one another are the Lokantarika desolate regions.
In each world-system, the three miserable states, namely, the animal world, the
petas'
realm and the realm of
asurakÈyas
, have their abodes on the earth, side by side with the
human world. Underneath the layer of earth lie the eight
niraya
realms, each below the
other, and each surrounded by lesser realms of continuous suffering called
Ussada Nirayas
.
The Niraya realms, the animal world,
petas
and
asurakÈyas
are called the four miserable
states of
apÈya
.
The human world is located on the earth. The deva realm of the Four Great Kings is
located on the summit of Mount Yugandhara, at half the height of Mount Sineru. The