Chapter 40
directive to the effect that lesser and minor rules of the Discipline be abolished.
Instead, He left the option to do so to the Sangha. Why did He leave the matter in an
equivocal state? The answer is: He saw the strength of conviction and the strength of
wisdom in the Venerable MahÈ Kassapa. The Buddha saw that even if He were to give
an unequivocal directive on the matter now, the Sangha, in the council headed by the
Venerable MahÈ Kassapa, would not agree to abolish any rules, even the lesser and
minor ones. (This is worth noting.)
After the Buddha had said these words to the Venerable Œnanda, He addressed the
bhikkhus
thus:
‚
Bhikkhus
, in case there should be any uncertainty or misgiving in any one of you
regarding the Buddha, or the Good Doctrine, or the Sangha, or the Path leading to
NibbÈna, or the Noble Practice, ask Me questions, and do not leave an occasion for
regret later, with the thought: ‘We were there together with the BhagavÈ, and yet
we failed to clear our doubts by asking Him our questions.’‛
When the Buddha said this, the
bhikkhus
remained silent. He asked a second time, but the
bhikkhus
remained silent. When asked for a third time, the
bhikkhus
also remained silent.
Thereupon, He said to them:
‚It may be,
bhikkhus
that you do not ask questions because you have deference for
the BhagavÈ, thinking: ‘We all are
bhikkhu
-disciples under the BhagavÈ, we owe
the four requisites to the BhagavÈ, we have had no uncertainty about Him (etc.),
and yet it is not proper for us to have uncertainty about Him (etc.) at this last
moment.’
Bhikkhus
, if that is so, then let each one tell his companion about his
uncertainty or misgiving.‛
And still the
bhikkhus
were silent.
Venerable Œnanda said to the Buddha:
‚Wonderful it is, Venerable Sir! Astounding it is, Venerable Sir! I believe that in
this assembly of
bhikkhus
there is not a single
bhikkhu
who has uncertainty or
misgiving regarding the Buddha, or the Dhamma, or the Sangha, or the Path, or the
Practice.‛
And the Buddha said:
‚Œnanda, you say this out of faith. But, as for the TathÈgata, it is a matter of
knowledge that, in this assembly of
bhikkhus
, there is not a single
bhikkhu
who has
uncertainty or misgiving regarding the Buddha, or the Dhamma, or the Sangha, or
the Path, or the Practice.
‚Œnanda, amongst these five hundred
bhikkhus
, even the least accomplished one is
a
sotÈpanna
(a stream-enterer), not liable to be reborn in the four miserable realms,
but is destined to gain the three higher
magga
s. (This was said with the Venerable
Œnanda in mind.)
Then the Buddha said to the
bhikkhus
as His last admonition:
Handa dÈni, bhikkhave,
ÈmantayÈmi vo,
VayadhammÈ sa~kharÈ,
AppamÈdena sampÈdetha.
Now,
bhikkhus
, I say this as my last exhortation: Decay is inherent in all
compounded things. Hence, strive with mindfulness and diligence to
complete the task.
This was the Buddha’s last exhortation. This was given even as He was on His death-bed.
It is a most significant compression of all that He had taught over forty-five years into just
one word,
appamÈda
(mindfulness or diligence).
The Buddha's ParinibbÈna