THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1076
probation for four months, and if at the end of the four months the
bhikkhus
are
satisfied and grant him initiation and grant him admission, I'm prepared to live
under probation (even) for four years. And at the end of four years, if the
bhikkhus
are satisfied with me, let them grant me initiation into the Order and raise me to
the status of a
bhikkhu
.‛
Then the Buddha said to the Venerable Œnanda: ‚Well, then, Œnanda, let Subhadda be
initiated into the Order.‛
‚Very well, Venerable Sir,‛ Œnanda replied.
Then Subhadda said to Venerable Œnanda: ‚Friend Œnanda, how fortunate you all are,
what a boon you all have, that you all have been personally conferred by the BhagavÈ the
status of close discipleship.‛
[Here the actual words used by Subhadda were, ‘that you all have been sprinkled
by (or anointed by) the sprinkling of close discipleship.’ This idea of being dubbed
a close disciple by the head of the religious Order was, in the religious system of
the wandering ascetics, a great honour and privilege.]
Then the Venerable Œnanda took Subhadda, the wandering ascetic, to an appropriate
place where he was wetted at the head with water out of a water container, and taught the
method of reflecting on the loathsomeness of the body, particularly the group of five parts
or aspects of the body with him as the fifth. With the shaving of the head and the face,
robing with
bhikkhus
robes, and administering of the Triple Gem, performed in succession,
the initiation was effected. After that Subhadda was brought before the Buddha.
Then the Buddha caused SÈmaÓera Subhadda to be admitted into the Order as a full-
fledged
bhikkhu
and then taught him the appropriate method of meditation. Bhikkhu
Subhadda sought seclusion in the Sal grove, went into meditation in the walking posture
alone, i.e. walking up and down. With intent mindfulness, and striving arduously, he
became an
arahat
during that very night, as he was endowed with the four Discriminations.
Then he went to the Buddha and sat there in worshipping posture.
The Venerable Subhadda became one of the
arahats
, and he was the last one to become
an
arahat
in the presence of the Buddha.
(Herein, ‚
the last to become an arahat in the presence of the Buddha
‛ may mean
any one of the following: (i) one who was initiated into the Order during the time
of the Buddha, who was admitted into the Order as a
bhikkhu
after the Buddha's
decease and who learnt Insight meditation, and attained
arahatta-phala
; (ii) One
who was initiated and admitted into the Order as a
bhikkhu
during the time of the
Buddha who learnt Insight-meditation after the Buddha's decease and attained
arahatta-phala
; (iii) One who was initiated and admitted into the Order as a
bhikkhus
who learnt Insight-meditation, and attained
arahatta-phala
after the
Buddha's decease. The Venerable Subhadda was one who was initiated and
admitted into the Order, who learnt Insight-meditation and attained
arahatta-phala
during the time of the Buddha. Thus he was the chief of those who became an
arahat
in the presence of the Buddha.)
The Story of Subhadda, The Wandering Ascetic, according to The Commentary on The
Dhammapada
What is related above about Subhadda, the wandering ascetic, is according to the
MahÈvagga PÈli
(
DÊghanikaya
)
and the Commentary thereon. The story of Subhadda, the
wandering ascetic, as described in the Commentary on the Dhammapada is also briefly
related below:
While the Buddha was lying on the couch, the death-bed, in the Sal grove, Subhadda, the
wandering ascetic, thought to himself: ‚I have referred my three questions to wandering
ascetics but have not done so to the SamaÓa Gotama because He is young. Now, the
SamaÓa Gotama is about to pass away. If I do not ask my questions to Him, I shall have
cause to regret later for failure to do so.‛ Musing thus, he went to the Sal grove where the
Buddha was staying and requested the Venerable Œnanda to gain an audience with the