THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1074
uncertainty is cleared. O Œnanda, pray let me have the chance of seeing the
SamaÓa Gotama!‛
Thereupon, the Venerable Œnanda reflected thus: ‚These ascetics, who believe in doctrine
other than the Bhagava's Teaching, cling to their own views only. If the BhagavÈ were to
explain to this Subhadda at much length to make him forsake his own view, it would only
strain the bodily and vocal energies of the BhagavÈ, and Subhadda is not likely to renounce
his own view. As it is, the BhagavÈ is already weary.‛ So he said: ‚Friend Subhadda, this is
out of the question. The BhagavÈ is weary. Do not pester (trouble) him.‛
On that reply, Subhadda, the wandering ascetic, bethought himself: ‚Venerable Œnanda is
withholding his assent. But one must be patient to get what one wants.‛ And so he said for
the second time: ‚O Œnanda, ....‛ the Venerable Œnanda refused again. For the third time
Subhadda made his appeal as before. And for the third time Venerable Œnanda refused
again.
The Buddha overheard the conversation between Subhadda and Œnanda. Since He had
made this exhausting journey to KusinÈra for the sake of Subhadda, He called to Venerable
Œnanda: ‚Œnanda, it is not fitting to stop him. Do not prevent Subhadda from seeing Me.
Œnanda, let Subhadda have the opportunity to see the TathÈgata. Whatever Subhadda shall
ask of Me, he will ask for his information, and not for harassing Me. When I answer what
he asks, he will readily understand My answer.‛
Then Œnanda said: ‚Go, friend Subhadda, the BhagavÈ has given you permission.‛
Then Subhadda approached the Buddha and offered courteous greetings to Him. After
exchanging memorable words of felicitation with Him, Subhadda sat in a suitable place.
Then he addressed the Buddha thus:
‚O Revered Gotama, there are
samaÓas
and
brÈhmanas
who have large following,
who have adherent sects, who are leaders of their sects, who are renowned, who
are proponents of their own doctrines, and who are held in esteem by many people,
such as, (i) P|raÓa Kassapa, (ii) Makkhali GosÈla, (iii) Ajita Kesakambala, (iv)
Pakudha KaccÈyana, (v) SaÒcaya, son of BelaÔÔha, and (vi) MigaÓÔha, son of
NÈÔaputta. Do all of them understand what they maintain as the truth? Or do all of
them have no understanding of what they maintain as the truth? Or do some of
them understand the truth and some of them do not?"
(Subhadda's question essentially is about Buddhahood. He asked: ‚Revered Sir, do P|raÓa
Kassapa and five other religious leaders, who admit themselves to be all-knowing Buddhas,
and who are held in high esteem by many people, are really the All-knowing Buddhas? Or
are none of them Buddhas? Or are some of them Buddhas while others are not? For if they
are really Buddhas the doctrines they preach must lead to liberation from the round of
existences. Are all of their doctrines conducive to liberation? Or are none of their doctrines
conducive to liberation? Or are some of their doctrines conducive to liberation while others
are not?‛)
Now, the Buddha’s intention in going to KusinÈra was to discourse on the Doctrine to the
Malla princes in the first watch of the night, to discourse on the Doctrine to Subhadda in
the middle watch of the night, to give admonition to the
bhikkhu
Sangha in the third watch
of the night, and then to realize ParinibbÈna at the approach of dawn. In that tight schedule,
it would be of no benefit to Subhadda to explain to him about whether the doctrines of the
six religious leaders were conducive to liberation or not, and there would be no time for
such a discussion. Therefore the Buddha chose to teach Subhadda the Middle Way as
contained in the Ariya Path of Eight Constituents which could lead him to liberation.
Accordingly He said:
‚Subhadda, do not ask that. Leave aside that question: whether all of those (six
religious leaders) know all the truth, whether none of them know all the truth, or
whether some of them know all the truth while others do not.
‚Subhadda, I shall expound to you the Good Doctrine leading to NibbÈna. Listen
and pay careful attention. I shall speak in full.‛