Chapter 40
iii) Œnanda, the MigadÈvana forest is another such place. A person of devotion,
visiting there, reflects: ‘This is the place where the TathÈgata set the Supreme
Wheel of Truth turning,’ and this reflection will inspire in him an emotional
religious awakening; hence it is a place worthy of pilgrimage.
iv) Œnanda, KusinÈgara is another such place. A person of devotion, visiting there,
reflects: ‘This is the place where the TathÈgata realized ParinibbÈna (the Ultimate
Peace), having passed away without leaving any traces of the five aggregates,’
and this reflection will inspire in him an emotional religious awakening; hence it
is a place worthy of pilgrimage.
‚Œnanda, these are four places which are worthy of pilgrimage for person with devotion
to the Triple Gem which will inspire in them an emotional religious awakening.
‚And, Œnanda, there will come to these four places
bhikkhus
,
bhikkhunÊs
, male lay
disciples and female lay disciples who are devoted to the Triple Gem, reflecting: ‘(i) this
(sacred place of) LumbinÊ is the place where the TathÈgata was born; (ii) this (sacred
place of) MahÈbodhi is the place where the TathÈgata attained Supremely Perfect
Enlightenment; (iii) this (sacred place of) MigadÈvana is the place where the TathÈgata
set the Supreme Wheel of Truth turning; and (iv) this (sacred place of) KusinÈgara is the
place where the TathÈgata realized ParinibbÈna (the Ultimate Peace), having passed away
without leaving any trace of the five aggregates.’ Œnanda, all those pilgrims, if they
should die with devotion in their hearts while on pilgrimage to these four sacred places or
shrines will, after their death and dissolution of the body, be bound for the fortunate
destination. They will be reborn in the deva realm.‛
The Venerable Œnanda's Questions
Then the Venerable Œnanda put a series of questions to which the Buddha answered in
detail.
Œnanda: ‚Venerable Sir, how should we conduct ourselves with regard to
women?‛
Buddha: ‚Not seeing them, Œnanda.‛
(Hence the best way, the Buddha says, is not to see any woman. That indeed is so. For if a
bhikkhu
stays with closed doors and windows inside the monastery, and if a woman were to
appear at the door, there is no idea in him of attachment to the woman so long as he does
not see her. But when he sees her, some thought of desire comes into his mind, the mind is
agitated. That is why the Buddha says it is best for a
bhikkhu
not to see a woman.)
Œnanda: ‚Venerable Sir, if we should (unavoidably) see them, what should we
do?‛
Buddha: ‚Do not speak to them, Œnanda.‛
(On going for alms-collection in the mornings, women devotees usually come to offer
alms-food. They will have to be seen by
bhikkhus
. In such a case, the Buddha says:
‚Consider the woman as if she were a fierce man with a sharp knife in his hand, who says
to you: ‘If you dare speak to me, I will cut off your head’ or as an ogre who says to you:
‘If you speak to me, I will devour you.’ Consider that if you were to speak to the fierce
man or to the ogre your life is at stake for the present life only, whereas, if you were to
speak to the woman whom you are obliged to see, you are liable to fall to the four
miserable states. If a
bhikkhu
were to enter into conversation with a woman, there occurs
familiarity. When there is familiarity, attachment arises. When the
bhikkhu
's mind becomes
attached to a woman, his morality is spoilt and it leads him to the four miserable states.
That is why the Buddha says, ‚Do not speak to them.‛)
Œnanda: ‚Venerable Sir, if we have occasion to speak to them what should we
do?‛