Chapter 40
When people came to that shrine to make offerings of flowers and other things, the
guardian spirit of the shrine took over the offerings and placed them suitably before the
shrine even in the presence of the donors.
At that time, in his previous existence,
bhikkhu
-elder UpavÈÓa was born as a wealthy
brahmin. He went to the shrine to make an offering of golden-hued piece of cloth, as a
token of a robe for the Buddha. The guardian spirit placed the cloth beautifully at the
shrine which pleased the brahmin donor greatly and who uttered his wish that in future he
be reborn as a guardian spirit to a Buddha-shrine of this kind. At his death, he was reborn
in the deva realm.
During the time the future UpavÈÓa was being reborn, in turns, in the
deva-loka
and the
human world, Buddha Kassapa had appeared in the world. When Buddha Kassapa passed
away, the prevailing human life span being immense (twenty-thousand years), only a single
piece of Buddha-relic remained. This relic was treasured in a shrine of one
yojana
in
diameter and in height. The future UpavÈÓa, at that time, became the guardian spirit of the
shrine. After passing away from that life, he was born in the deva realm again. At the time
of Buddha Gotama, he was reborn in a noble family. He renounced householder's life,
leaving behind his wife and children, and became an
arahat
.
Thus, the cause and condition for UpavÈÓa's extraordinary powers even among
arahats,
was that he had been a guardian spirit at the shrine erected in commemoration of Buddha
Kassapa.
After the Buddha had thus explained to the Venerable Œnanda that Venerable UpavÈÓa
was told to move aside in the crowd not because he was at fault but only to satisfy the
devas, the Venerable Œnanda said to the Buddha: ‚Venerable Sir, what is the Bhagava's
assessment of the state of mind that is present in the devas and BrahmÈs?‛ (By this, the
Venerable Œnanda was enquiring how far the devas and BrahmÈs were able to bear the
grief at the impending Buddha's decease.) The Buddha told Œnanda that the devas and
BrahmÈs were in a state of despondency thus:
‚Œnanda, the devas, who choose to remain in the air and are standing there (as if
there was firm ground to stand on, having transformed the sky into firm ground by
their divine power), are wailing with dishevelled hair, their arms upraised; they
fling themselves down, rolling (on the fancied ground) in all directions, all the
while lamenting: ‘All too soon is the BhagavÈ going to realize ParinibbÈna! All too
soon is the Well-Spoken One going to realize ParinibbÈna! All too soon is the
Possessor of the Eye of Wisdom going to vanish from the world!‛
‚Œnanda, the devas, who choose to remain on the earth and are standing on the
ground (transforming the natural earth into supportable ground for their bodies of
subtle corporeality), are wailing with dishevelled hair, their arms upraised, they
fling themselves down, rolling in all directions, all the while lamenting: ‘All too
soon is the BhagavÈ going to realize ParinibbÈna! All too soon is the Well-Spoken
one going to realize ParinibbÈna! All too soon is the Possessor of the Eye of
Wisdom going to vanish from the world!‛
‚But those devas, who are free from sensual attachment, can bear it with fortitude
in the keen contemplation ‘that all conditioned things are impermanent by nature.
And hence, how would it be possible to find any permanence in this conditioned
nature?’ ‛
(The devas' bodies are composed of subtle corporeality. The texture of the natural earth
cannot support them; if they were to stand on it, their bodies would seep into the earth like
a lump of butter. On a certain occasion, a BrahmÈ named Hatthaka went to the Buddha and
as he tried to stand there, his body seeped into the earth. The Buddha had to remind him to
transform his body into a gross kind of corporeality so as to be able to remain solid on the
ground. The same situation holds true with devas. That was why the devas, in this context,
needed to transform the natural earth to suit their subtle corporeality so that it became
possible for them to roll on it.)