THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1062
‚Venerable Sir, Venerable UpavÈÓa had for a long time been a close attendant on
the BhagavÈ, and yet at this period of the Bhagava's passing away, the BhagavÈ
caused him to move aside with the words: ‘Move away
bhikkhu
, do not stand in
front of me.’ What is the reason for the BhagavÈ in doing so?‛
Then the Buddha, wishing to clear away from Œnanda's mind any idea of Venerable
UpavÈÓa being at fault and to make it clear that the Venerable UpavÈÓa was not at fault,
explained to him thus:
(a) ‚Œnanda, (with the exception of the AsaÒÒasatta Brahmas and Brahmas of the
Non-Material Sphere) most of the devas and BrahmÈs of ten world-systems are
gathered here at KusinÈgara to see the TathÈgata. There is not, within twelve
yojanas
in and around this Sal grove, a single space about the breadth of a tail
hair (of a mountain goat) that remains unoccupied by powerful deva.
(b) ‚Œnanda, the devas are murmuring against UpavÈÓa thus: ‘We have come from
afar to see the TathÈgata. It is only rarely that the Homage-worthy, Perfectly
Self-Enlightened Buddhas arise in the world. And tonight, in the third watch of
the night, the TathÈgata is due to pass away. This powerful
bhikkhu
standing in
front of the BhagavÈ is obstructing our view. Alas! we are going to miss the
chance of seeing the TathÈgata at his last hour.’ This is the reason why I had
asked Bhikkhu UpavÈÓa to step aside.‛
(A note of explanation:-
(a) Within the space close to the Buddha, devas and BrahmÈs in their subtle corporeality in
groups of ten each, occupied units of space which were a tail hair in breadth. Beyond
those groups of devas are BrahmÈs, there were groups of devas and BrahmÈs in groups
of twenty, each occupying space of the same breadth. And beyond those groups were
similar arrangement of space occupancy with groups of thirty, forty, fifty and sixty
devas and BrahmÈs. Even though tightly spaced, there was no deva or BrahmÈ who got
in the way of another either bodily or in their costumes; no one needed to ask another
to clear the way for him or for her.
(b) UpavÈÓa was a person of extra large size, about the size of an elephant calf. Moreover,
he was wearing dust-rag robes (
pa~sak|
), which added to his bulk. So he was making
an obstruction by standing himself in front of the Buddha, a genuine cause of
complaint on the part of the devas and BrahmÈs. It might be asked: ‚Did not the devas
and BrahmÈs have power to see through the
bhikkhu
?‛ The answer is: ‚No, they did
not have.‛ For although devas and BrahmÈs can see through a worldling, they cannot
see through an
arahat
. The Venerable UpavÈÓa was not only an
arahat
but a person of
unique powers so that people could not come too close to him.
The cause and condition for the extraordinary powers of the Venerable UpavÈna even
amongst the
arahats
was that he had been a guardian spirit at the shrine set up in
honour of Buddha Kassapa.)
The Guardian Spirit of the Shrine
Ninety-one aeons or
kappas
before the advent of Buddha Gotama, Buddha VipassÊ passed
away leaving behind a single relic, a mass of golden hue. (It is customary for the Buddhas,
who appear during the human life span of thousands of years, to leave behind a single
piece of relic at their passing away, which is enshrined by the people.) The people of those
times built a shrine to house the relic. The shrine was of a
yojana
high, with golden
coloured bricks measuring one cubit by half cubit, two fingers' breadth thick. For cement
they used crystal stone powder (used for eye lotion) mixed in sesame oil.
In the construction of the shrine, the devas belonging to terrestrial abodes raised a further
yojana
above the shrine built by human beings, which was further raised by another
yojana
by the devas of celestial abodes. Above that height, the UnhavalÈhaka devas, the
ŒbbhavalÈhaka devas, the devas of CatumahÈrÈja realm and the devas of TÈvatiÑsa realm
added a
yojana
respectively to the structure so that altogether the shrine, in
commemoration of Buddha VipassÊ, that encased a single piece of the Buddha-relic was
seven
yojanas
in height.