Chapter 40
the perpetuation of the Teaching. Here is the explanation: The Doctrine lays down the
three-fold training of
sÊla
,
samÈdhi
,
paÒÒÈ
. If offering of material things were allowed too
freely, then, in future, the disciples of the Buddha might neglect the practice of
samÈdhi
and
paÒÒÈ
, they would neglect the practice of Insight meditation; the
bhikkhu
-disciples
would preach the merits of offerings of flowers and fragrant things and offering other
material things only. Offering of material things cannot maintain the Teaching consisting
essentially of the threefold Training even for one breakfast period. Indeed, thousands of
splendid monasteries or thousands of splendid stupas cannot maintain the Teaching. These
material donations merely lead only to mundane welfare.
It is the right practice of the Dhamma only, that truly counts as honouring the Buddha.
Indeed it is so. The Buddha desires for honouring Him by practising the Dhamma
(
dhamma-p|jÈ
). For, by right practice alone can the Teaching be perpetuated. That was the
reason why the Buddha extolled the practice of the Dhamma. (This is not the negation of
the merit of material offerings.)
The Practice Conducive to The Attainment of The Supramundane
The practice leading to the four
magga
s, four
phalas
and NibbÈna, the nine
supramundane Dhamma, is the highest mode of honouring the Buddha. This practice, in
accordance with Dhamma (
DhammÈnu
dhamma
paÔipatta
), begins with getting established
in the Triple Gem and culminates in the highest development that marks the change of the
worldling into the lineage of the
ariyas.
Gotrabh|,
the state of mental maturity, which is,
so to speak, the threshold of
magga-ÒÈÓa
.
A
bhikkhu
, who indulges in the six kinds of disrespect (
agÈrava
), disobeys the rules of
bhikkhu
conduct, and lives an improper life using the four requisites, which are acquired
unlawfully and not according to the rules of Vinaya, is one who does not practice in
accordance with the Dhamma. The
bhikkhu
, who meticulously obeys every rule prescribed
as
bhikkhu
conduct, is one who practises in accordance with the Dhamma. These
observations apply equally to
bhikkhunÊs
.
As for lay disciples, he who is in the habit of breaking the Five Precepts, (such as killing,
etc.), which is also known as ‘the five
veras
’ because non-observance of these precepts are
inimical to one's own true interest; and who indulges in the ten courses of evil action, is
called one who does not practise according to the Dhamma. The lay disciple, who is well
established in the Triple Gem, who observes the Five Precepts, the Ten Precepts, who
keeps fasting-day precepts on four fasting days and the four days prior to them, who is in
the habit of giving charity, offerings of fragrant flowers to the Triple Gem, looking after
his parents and ministers to the needs of men of virtue, is called a lay disciple who
practises in accordance with the Dhamma. These observations apply equally to female lay
disciples.
Honouring the Buddha by honouring the Dhamma (
DhammÈnu dhamma paÔipatta
) is also
called
nirÈmisa-p|jÈ
. This kind of doing honour to the Buddha alone contributes to the
perpetuation of the Teaching. So long as the four categories of the Buddha's disciples, i.e.
bhikkhus
,
bhikkhunÊs
, lay male-disciples and lay female-disciples, are doing honour in this
way the Teaching will shine forth like the full moon in the clear sky.)
Venerable UpavÈÓa
At that time, the Venerable UpavÈÓa was standing in front of the Buddha, fanning Him.
Then the Buddha said to UpavÈÓa: ‚Move away,
bhikkhu
, do not stand in front of me.‛ The
Venerable UpavÈÓa obeyed without delay, dropped the palm-leaf fan there, and stood at a
suitable place.
Thereupon it occurred to Venerable Œnanda thus: ‚This Venerable UpavÈÓa had for a
long time (during the first twenty years of the Bhagava's Buddhahood) been a close
attendant to the BhagavÈ, and yet at this period of His passing away the BhagavÈ caused
him to move aside, saying: ‘Move away
bhikkhu
, do not stand in front of me.’ What might
be the reason for the BhagavÈ in doing so?‛ Therefore he asked the Buddha: