Chapter 40
contemplating "that nothing is there," achieves concentration on that object of
contemplation, and dwells in
ÈkiÒcaÒÈyatana-jhÈna
. This is the sixth Release.
vii) Having clearly advanced beyond the
jhÈna
of nothingness, the yogi, contemplating the
subtle consciousness, achieves concentration on it, and dwells in the
nevasaÒÒÈ-nÈ-
saÒÒÈyatana-jhÈna
. This is the seventh Release.
viii) Having clearly advanced beyond the
jhÈna
of Neither-Consciousness-nor-Non-
Consciousness, the yogi achieves and dwells in sustained attainment of Cessation in
which all forms of Consciousness and sensation cease. This is the eighth Release.
‚Œnanda, these are the eight stages of Release.‛
(The discourse not ended yet.)
(
Vimokkha
means a total freedom from hindrances and opposing mental states that
shroud the mind, a cultured state of ecstatic bliss which maybe likened to the
peaceful repose of a child in his father's chest. This freedom or release lasts as
long as the
jhÈna
lasts.
Vimokkha
also means unity of mind and object of
meditation unhampered by any other thought.)
Of those eight
vimokkhas
the first three are the
jhÈna
of the fine material sphere (
r|pÈ-
vacara-jhÈnas
).
Of these three, the first
vimokkha
, the
jhÈna
of the Fine Material Sphere, is achieved by
concentrating on internal as well as external objects. The second is the
jhÈna
of the Fine
Material Sphere, is achieved by concentrating on external objects. The third is achieved by
concentrating on material objects or
kasiÓas
of very clear and pure colour, namely:
nÊla,
pÊta, lohita, adÈta
(dark-blue, yellow (golden), red, white). While the yogi is dwelling in
this third stage of
jhÈna
, he does not have such a thought as: ‚This is exquisite,‛ and yet
since his mind gets fixed on exquisite objects, it appears as if he is entertaining such a
thought. Hence the text describes it: ‚He is concentrating that this is exquisite.‛
The four successive
vimokkhas
—— the fourth, the fifth, the sixth, and the seventh —— refer
to the four
jhÈnas
of the Non-Material Sphere (
Ar|pa-jhÈnas
). These four
ar|pa-jhÈna
are
called
vimokkha
because they are entirely free from perceptions of corporeality, and also
because the yogi's mind is in complete unity with the object of meditation, unhampered by
any other thought.
The eighth
vimokkha
refers to
Nirodha-samÈpatti
, It is called Release because while one
dwells in
nirodha-samÈpatti
, all mental phenomena, headed by perception and sensation,
cease, i.e. the mental process is suspended altogether, and along with it, mind-born
corporeality also ceases, so that one is totally free from being a conditioned state. This
cessation of the four mental aggregates and mind-born corporeality lasts during
Nirodha-
samÈpatti
.
For those persons who find pleasure in the woeful round of rebirth and are satisfied with
their sentient existence in the three sphere, Release is a dreadful idea. As for the Buddha, it
was a very pleasant thing to dwell in Release. He has no fear to experience Release. The
Buddha discoursed on the eight stages of Release to let the Venerable Œnanda understand
the fearless nature of the Buddha.
‚Œnanda,‛ the Buddha continued, ‚the TathÈgata who has dwelt in the eight stages of
Release and has emerged from them, has no fear or dread at all. That being so, how could
anyone say that the TathÈgata was afraid of MÈra who came to him alone? Œnanda, in
relinquishing the life-maintaining mental process, the TathÈgata did so fearlessly, with
mindfulness and clear comprehension.‛ (These also are the Buddha's words to Œnanda, as
continued in the PakiÓÓaka Dhamma desanÈ).
The Buddha relates The Whole Story about The Relinquishing of The Life-maintaining
Mental Process
Having discoursed on the eight stages of Release, the Buddha continued His discourse
without letting Venerable Œnanda to say anything: