Chapter 40
paid his obeisance and, having seated at a suitable place, said:
‚Venerable Sir, I see the BhagavÈ now at ease. I find the BhagavÈ now in good
health. But, Venerable Sir, although I now see the BhagavÈ like this, when the
BhagavÈ was ill, I felt heavy and stiff in my body. I could hardly distinguish
between the directions. I became befuddled, unable to comprehend things such as
the methods of steadfast mindfulness.
‚However, I got a little comfort from the thought that the BhagavÈ would not pass
away so long as He had not left any instruction concerning the Order of Bhikkhus.‛
Thereupon the Buddha explained His position as against the Order of Bhikkhus thus:
‚Œnanda, what more could the Order of Bhikkhus expect from Me? For I have
taught them without discriminating as the inner circle of disciples or outer circle of
disciples. Œnanda, in the matter of the Teaching, I do not keep back anything as if
it were some secret held in the closed fist of a (mean) teacher. Œnanda, if someone
should desire that he alone should have sole control over the Order of Bhikkhus, or
that the Order of Bhikkhus should rely on him alone, then it would be for such
person to leave any instructions concerning the Order of Bhikkhus. But Œnanda, I
have no desire that I alone should have sole control over the Order of Bhikkhus, or
that the Order of Bhikkhus should rely on Me alone. Since I have no such desire,
why should I leave any instruction concerning the Order of Bhikkhus?
‚Œnanda, I am now grown old, far gone in years, and have arrived at the last stage
of life. I am turning eighty years of age. And just as an old worn out cart is kept
going by additional efforts and care so My body is kept going by the additional
effort of the life maintaining
phala-samÈpatti
. Œnanda, it is (only) when the
TathÈgata remains abiding in
arahatta-phala-samÈpatti
, unconcerned with material
objects through the cessation of some (mundane) sensations, and through ceasing to
attend to any signs of conditioned phenomena, that the TathÈgata's body is at ease
(lit, at greater ease)."
‚Therefore, Œnanda, let yourselves be your own refuge; let yourselves, and not
anyone else, be your refuge. Let the Dhamma be your firm ground, and let the
Dhamma, and not anything else, be your refuge.
‚Œnanda, how does a
bhikkhu
make himself his own refuge, make himself and not
anyone else, his refuge? How does he make the Dhamma his firm ground, and
make the Dhamma, and not anything else, his refuge?
‚Œnanda, in this Teaching, a
bhikkhu
keeps his mind on the body with diligence,
comprehension and mindfulness, steadfastly contemplating it as body, so as to keep
away sense desire and distress that would otherwise arise in him. He keeps his
mind on sensation with diligence, comprehension, and mindfulness, steadfastly
contemplating it as sensation, so as to keep away sense desire and distress that
would otherwise arise in him. He keeps his mind on the mind, so as to keep away
sense desire and distress that would otherwise arise in him. He keeps his mind
steadfastly contemplating it as mind, so as to keep away sense desire and distress
that would otherwise arise in him. He keeps his mind on mind objects (
dhamma
),
steadfastly contemplating them as mind objects so as to keep away sense desire and
distress that would otherwise arise in him.
‚Œnanda, thus a
bhikkhu
makes himself his own mainstay, makes himself, and not
anyone else, his refuge. Thus he makes the Dhamma his firm ground, and makes
the Dhamma, and not anything else, his refuge.
‚Œnanda, those
bhikkhus
who, either now or after I have passed away, make
themselves their own refuge, make themselves, and not anyone else, their refuge;
who make the Dhamma their firm ground, and make the Dhamma, and not
anything else, their refuge, all such
bhikkhus
are sure to attain to the highest state
(i.e. arahatship) among all the
bhikkhus
who cherish the Threefold Training.‛
Thus did the Buddha conclude the discourse culminating in
arahatta-phala
.