THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1012
(3) An immoral lay person is always pricked by a guilty conscience for the misdeeds he
has done. Therefore, he does not dare to face the crowd. ‚Someone there might
recognize me,‛ he fears, ‚and I might be apprehended and sent to the authorities.‛
That is why, in any of the four kinds of assemblies, he holds his face down and his
shoulders stooping, he would uneasily keep on scratching the earth with a stick. He
keeps his mouth shut as far as possible. Likewise, an immoral
bhikkhu
feels uneasy
to face an assembly which might have knowledge of his misdeeds, in which case he
might have to face punishment under the Vinaya process such as excommunication.
Therefore, he goes into the assembly with great misgivings and speaks little. Some
immoral
bhikkhu
, however, might put up a bold face and wander around amongst
Sangha but in his heart he is feeling miserable only.
(4) An immoral one, whether lay person or
bhikkhu
, may put up pretences while living
but, on his death bed, his evil deeds appear before him in their respective sense-
doors. He feebly opens his eyes to see the present world, and then closes his eyes to
see his oncoming world where he finds no solace whatever. His imminent
destination, the four miserable states of
apÈya
, becomes vividly clear to him. He
feels great pangs of conscience as if thrust by a hundred spears on his head. ‚Help
me! Help me!‛ He would scream in desperation and then breathe his last. This is
what the Buddha means by ‚he dies in a state of bewilderment.‛
(5) The fifth disadvantages befalling an immoral one needs no explanation.
(The advantages that wait on a virtuous one may be known as the opposite of the
above five disadvantages befalling an immoral one.)
The Buddha then went on late into the night instructing the lay devotees of PÈÔali village
on other topics including the happy consequences of their donation of the guest-house,
thereby pointing out the benefits of the Doctrine, exhorting them to set themselves up in
the practice thereof, and gladdening them in the practice. Then He sent them away, saying:
‚Householders, the night is far advanced; you may leave when you wish.‛
‚Very well, Venerable Sir,‛ the devotees of PÈÔali village said in assent, and making
obeisance to Him, departed respectfully. Then not long after their departure, the Buddha
retired in seclusion.
(Note: ‚The Buddha retired in seclusion‛ should be understood as referring to a
separate part of the guest house screened off for privacy. A cot had been placed
there for the Buddha, and He considered that the devotees would earn much merit
if He were to use the guest house in all the four bodily postures. Therefore, He lay
on the cot on his right side and rested.)
The Founding of PÈÔaliputta
At that time, two
brahmins
, Sunidha and VassakÈra, Chief Ministers of Magadha
Kingdom, were building a (fortified) city at the site of PÈÔali village to keep out the VajjÊ
princes. During that period, many devas in groups of a thousand each, were occupying
plots of land at PÈÔali village.
In the location where the devas of great power were occupying, there, the officials
responsible for the building of the city were inclined to build houses for princes and the
king's ministers of great power. In the location where the devas of medium power were
occupying, there, the officials responsible for the building of the city were inclined to build
houses for princes and king's ministers of medium power. And in the location where the
devas of lesser power were occupying, there, the official responsible for the building of the
city were inclined to build houses for princes and king's ministers of lesser power.
(Herein, among the city builders there were officials learned in the science of
building-sites. They knew, by their specialised knowledge, the status of the
proposed building-sites down to a depth of thirty cubits as to which area is
occupied by powerful serpents or nÈgas, which, by demons, or which, by evil
spirits; or where a slab of rock is lying underneath, or where an old tree stump is
hidden. Accordingly, those learned ones took necessary measures by reciting