Chapter 40
productive. Wisdom that is developed through concentration is highly efficacious
and productive. The mind that is developed through wisdom is thoroughly liberated
without any remnant from the moral taints or pervasive defilements (
Èsava
s),
namely
kammÈsava
(the taint of sense-desire),
bhavÈsava
(the taint of hankering
after continued existence), and
avijjÈsava
(the taint of ignorance of the Four Ariya
Truths)."
The Buddha's Sojourn at The AmbalaÔÔhikÈ Garden
Then the Buddha, after staying at RÈjagaha for as long as He wished, said to Venerable
Œnanda: ‚Come, Œnanda, let us go to the AmbalaÔÔhikÈ garden (Mango Grove).‛
‚Very well, Sir,‛ Œnanda assented.
(Note: The Buddha addressed Œnanda from among many
bhikkhus
surrounding Him
because Œnanda was always in close attendance.)
Having expressed his assent to the Buddha, Œnanda signalled to the
bhikkhus
: ‚Friends,
make ready with your alms-bowl and great robe. The BhagavÈ intends to go to the
AmbalaÔÔhikÈ garden.‛
Then the Buddha, accompanied by many
bhikkhus
, went to the AmbalaÔÔhikÈ garden
where He stayed at the King's rest house. While there also, considering His approaching
death, the Buddha discoursed to the
bhikkhus
on the same theme, i.e.,:
‚Such is
sÊla
(morality); such is
samÈdhi
(concentration); such is
paÒÒÈ
(wisdom).
Concentration that is developed through morality is highly efficacious and
productive. Wisdom that is developed through concentration is highly efficacious
and productive. The mind that is developed through wisdom is thoroughly liberated
without any remnant from the moral taints or pervasive defilements (
Èsava
s),
namely
kammÈsava
(the taint of sense-desire),
bhavÈsava
(the taint of hankering
after continued existence), and
avijjÈsava
(the taint of ignorance of the Four
Ariya
Truths).‛
Herein, in the passage, ‚Such is
sÊla
, this is
samÈdhi
, such is
paÒÒÈ
,‛ morality (
sÊla
) refers
to mundane morality, i.e. the Fourfold Purity (
catupÈrisudhi
sÊla
);
samÈdhi
means mundane
concentration at the threshold of perfect concentration (
upacÈra-samÈdhi
) and perfect
concentration (
appanÈ-samÈdhi
) itself.
PaÒÒÈ
means mundane Insight (
vipassanÈ-paÒÒÈ
).
All these three factors are the necessary conditions for
magga-ÒÈÓa
.
‚Concentration developed through morality‛
means supramundane concentration
pertaining to
magga
and
phala
,
magga
concentration and
phala
concentration.
Concentration of
magga
is highly efficacious because it leads to the fruition of the
Ariya's Knowledge (
Ariya-phala
). (
Phala
means direct result.) It is also highly
productive because it has the superb consequence (
ÈnisaÓsa
) of liberation or
pacification. (
ŒnisaÓsa
means indirect result or consequence.) The same
interpretation should be understood for similar statement that follow.
Concentration of
phala
produces the direct result of abandoning the burning
defilements through tranquillity (
patippassaddhi-pahÈna
), and gives the indirect
result or consequence of the peace of cessation or extinction of defilements.
‚Wisdom developed through concentration‛
means supramundane Knowledge
(
magga-ÒÈÓa
and
phala-ÒÈÓa
). Its direct result and indirect result or consequence
should be construed as in the case of concentration.
‚The mind developed through wisdom‛
, ‚wisdom‛ means mundane Insight
(
vipassanÈ-paÒÒÈ
) and wisdom associated with
jhÈna
; mind here means
supramundane consciousness of
magga-phala
.
Magga
consciousness completely
eradicates defilements as abandoning through destruction (
samuccheda pahÈna
).
Phala
-consciousness thoroughly liberates one from the moral taints as abandoning
through tranquillity (
paÔipatssaddhi-pahÈna
).
The Buddha's Sojourn at NÈÄanda