Chapter 40
The ruling princes of VesÈlÊ heard the news. ‚We will not let them cross the Ga~gÈ!‛
they declared and an assembly was called, but nursing the old grudges, no one attended.
‚Let the brave ones go.‛ etc., they would say in derision.
When AjÈtasattu's forces had crossed the GangÈ, the ruling princes of VesÈlÊ declared:
‚We will not let them enter our city. We will close our city gates and stand firm. Come! to
our defences now!‛ They shouted and tried to convene an assembly. Yet there was no
response.
AjÈtasattu's army met no resistance whatever from VesÈlÊ whose city gates remained
open. They massacred all the LicchavÊ princes and returned to RÈjagaha as conquerors.
This is the story of how VesÈlÊ fell.
[The events leading to the fall of VesÈlÊ and its utter destruction took place during
the three years, beginning with the year of the passing away of the Buddha and two
years after that. The story is reproduced here as described in the Commentary in
this connection. May the reader, the virtuous follower of the Buddha, visualize in
his imagination the scene of Brahmin VassakÈra learning from the Buddha the
seven factors of growth, non-decline for rulers at the mountain abode of the
Buddha atop mount GijjhakuÔa, and his departure (in all satisfaction) from there.)]
The Seven Factor of Non-decline of Bhikkhu
The First Set of Seven Factor of Non-decline
Even when the Buddha was giving a discourse on the Seven factors of growth for rulers
to Brahmin VassakÈra, he had in mind of making a similar discourse for the guidance of
bhikkhus
, in the interest of the prolongation of His Teaching, (i.e. the threefold training)
which will be conducive to release from the round of existences, and realization of
NibbÈna and hence are more beneficial than the seven factors of growth for rulers which
are merely mundane principles.
Accordingly, soon after the Brahmin VassakÈra had left, the Buddha said to Venerable
Œnanda: ‚Go, Œnanda, and let all the
bhikkhus
living around RÈjagaha gather in the
assembly hall.‛
‚Very well, Venerable Sir,‛ said Œnanda and arranged for a full gathering of
bhikkhus
.
He sent
bhikkhus
endowed with special powers to inform those
bhikkhus
who dwelled at
some distance from RÈjagaha, and went personally to those
bhikkhus
who were living near
by. When the
bhikkhus
had gathered in the Assembly Hall, Œnanda approached the Buddha,
made obeisance to Him, and standing at a suitable place, said to Him: ‚Venerable Sir, the
community of
bhikkhus
is assembled. It is for the Bhagava to go as and when he wishes.‛
Then the Buddha went to the Assembly Hall and, taking the seat prepared for Him,
addressed the
bhikkhus
thus:
‚
Bhikkhus
, I shall expound to you the seven factors of non-decline. Listen and pay
attention to what I am going to say in detail.‛
‚Very well, Venerable Sir,‛ the
bhikkhus
responded, and the Buddha gave this discourse:
i) Bhikkhus
, so long as the
bhikkhus
hold frequent meetings and have many
meetings, they are bound to make progress (spiritually); there is no reason
for their decline.
ii) Bhikkhus
, so long as the
bhikkhus
assemble and disperse in harmony, and
attend to the affairs of the Sangha in harmony, they are bound to make
progress (spiritually); there is no reason for their decline.
iii) Bhikkhus
, so long as the
bhikkhus
do not prescribe rules that had not been
prescribed by the Buddha, and observe well the training rules (
vinaya
)
prescribed by the Buddha, they are bound to make progress (spiritually);
there is no reason for their decline.
iv) Bhikkhus
, so long as the
bhikkhus
show respect, deference, esteem, and