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taken up.
(v) Explained in another way: There are five ways of seeking gains that are not
proper, (for
bhikkhus
) namely: (i) By scheming, i.e. creating a favourable or
highly admirable impression of oneself on the lay supporters; (ii) By 'talking
up' or extolling the lay supporters; (iii) By hinting at a suitable occasion for
making offerings; (iv) By belittling the lay supporters for their alleged close-
fistedness; (v) By pursuing gain with gain, i.e., by making gifts to lay
supporters with the expectation of receiving their offerings.
There are also six places which a
bhikkhu
should not resort to, namely, (i) a spinster's
house, (ii) a hermaphrodite’s house, (iii) a liquor seller's house, (iv) a prostitute's house, (v)
a widow's or divorcee's house, (vi) a monastery of
bhikkhunÊs
.
Not resorting to the five ways of seeking gains mentioned above, the six places described
above, and the twenty-one ways that are not allowable quest (
anesanÈ
), all these make up
the kinds of quest that should not be taken up (
anariya-pariyesanÈ
). Refraining from all
these improper kinds of quest, and living on the food collected at the daily alms-round, is
righteous way of seeking gains which constitute noble quest (
ariya-pariyesanÈ
).
Where a certain bodily conduct, etc. is not to be resorted to, if it is an act of killing, the
conduct is improper right from the beginning, such as procuring of lethal weapons or
poison, or any effort connected with it. In the case of bodily conduct that should be
resorted to, all the actions connected with it are proper right from the beginning. If one is
disabled to perform a deed that should be resorted to, at least the intention should be made,
for that intention may be carried through if circumstances permit, bringing it to a
successful conclusion.
Explained otherwise:
(i) Bodily conduct that can cause a schism in the Sangha, like Devadatta's conduct, is
improper conduct that should not be resorted to. Paying devotion to the Triple Gem
twice or thrice a day, like the habit of MahÈtheras SÈriputta and MahÈ MoggallÈna, is
conduct that should be resorted to.
(ii) Verbal conduct as giving orders to kill someone, like that of Devadatta sending
marksmen on a mission of assassination, is conduct that should not be resorted to.
Extolling the virtues of the Triple Gem, like the habit of MahÈtheras SÈriputta and
MahÈ MoggallÈna, is verbal conduct that should be resorted to.
(iii) Ignoble quest, such as that of Devadatta, is quest that should not be taken up. Noble
quest, such as that of MahÈtheras SÈriputta and MahÈ MoggallÈna, is quest that
should be taken up.
Whereas Sakka puts only one question concerning Bhikkhu Morality of Restraint, the
Buddha's answer is threefold — bodily conduct, verbal conduct and quest; the commentary
speaks of it as three questions.
The Buddha's concluding statement. ‚A
bhikkhu
who practises thus -----‛ purports to say
that the
bhikkhu
who refrains from the bodily conduct, verbal conduct and quest that ought
not be resorted to, and who takes up bodily conduct, verbal conduct and quest that should
be taken up, is one who practises the supreme
bhikkhu
practice of morality, incumbent on a
bhikkhu
, which constitutes the necessary condition that precedes arahatship.
(12) The Twelfth Question and Answer
On The Restraint of The Faculties (Indriya SaÑvara SÊla)
After receiving the Buddha's discourse with delight, Sakka put the next question:
‚Venerable Sir, how does a
bhikkhu
practise so as to keep his faculties well
guarded?‛
The Buddha answered as follows:
‚Sakka, King of Devas, there are two kinds of visible objects cognizable by the