THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
964
in truth and reality, the six sense objects in the past as well as at present are impermanent,
subject to change, and are woeful. This realization is Insight-knowledge. Once the true
nature of the six sense objects is understood, the mind of that
bhikkhu
yearns for release
from the six sense objects which arise in the conditioned phenomena of mind and matter.
Directing his mind to NibbÈna, he has an ardent desire, (
PihÈ
, ardent desire, a mild form of
lobha
(greed) in the ultimate sense) to attain the Supramundane.
(In this connection, the PÈli term
PihÈ
needs some explaining. The expression: ‘the ardent
desire to attain the supramundane’, does not mean that
pihÈ
takes the
arahatta-phala
as its
object, because
pihÈ
is a mild form of
lobha
which primarily is a demeritorious factor. Not
to speak of a demeritorious factor, even meritorious factors divested of wisdom do not take
NibbÈna as their object. Hence
pihÈ
does not take NibbÈna as its object. The fact is that the
yogi had had hearsay knowledge of NibbÈna
.
The sublime attributes of NibbÈna has not
only been learnt from other people, they have become imbued in the yogi's mind through
book learning, meditation and insight development, and a yearning of NibbÈna has thus
already been formed. This knowledge, of course, still remains in the province of concept
(
paÒÒatti
) only, but a fairly close idea of NibbÈna is obtained by intelligent reasoning. As a
matter of fact,
jhÈna
,
magga
,
phala
,
nibbÈna
, belong to the province of the Supramundane;
they are, therefore, as subtle as they are profound, even to get a true idea by a yogi who
has not become an
ariya
. At best, only he can visualise the Supramundane and wish for
attaining it,
pihÈ
)
After the arising of the ardent desire to attain the Supramundane, the yogi tries towards
his goal by cultivating Insight. If, in spite of these earnest efforts, the goal is still not
reached, the yogi gets frustrated. ‚Alas, how success evades me for all my efforts over
such a long period,‛ he says to himself. The unpleasant sensation he now experiences is
called
Nekkhammasita Domanassa-vedanÈ
. The repeated arising of this kind of unpleasant
sensation is conducive to success.
The more disappointed he is, the greater his resolution to attain his objective, which turns
into a sufficing condition (
upanissa paccaya
) for success. Demeritoriousness decreases in
him and meritoriousness increases. That is why the Buddha said that
nekkhammasita
domanassa-vedanÈ
should be resorted to.
Reference (b)(iii) above:
Although unpleasant sensation (
domanassa-vedanÈ
) is a mental factor definitely
accompanied by initial application of the mind and sustained application of the mind
(
savitakka savicÈra
), the yogi is apt to take
gehasita domanassa vedanÈ
as the unpleasant
sensation that arises together with initial application of the mind and sustained application
of the mind (
savitakka, savicÈra
) and
nekkhammasita domanassa-vedanÈ
as the unpleasant
sensation that arises without initial application of the mind and sustained application of the
mind (
avitakka avicÈra
). Therefore, unpleasant sensation is mentioned in these two ways.
To further explain: In this Teaching, a
bhikkhus
cultivates VipassanÈ meditation (Insight),
after getting established in
jhÈna
, whether threshold
jhÈna
upacÈra
or first
jhÈna
, and if he
cannot attain
magga-phala
he feels dejected
domanassa-vedanÈ
. In such a case, the
jhÈnas
which were used as ones for development of
magga-phala
are called unpleasant
(
domanassa
), by way of a figure of speech because the
jhÈna
as preliminary steps in his
course of the Path-practice are to him something he does not want. If, in spite of the
disappointment, he perseveres and ultimately attain
magga-phala
, the supramundane
dhamma
that he realizes is (also) called
domanassa
in a figurative sense since it is the
outcome of, or is caused by, the unpleasant sensation.
The yogi (
bhikkhu
), regarding his own thoughts associated with the initial application of
the mind and sustained application of the mind which cause his unpleasant sensation, or
regarding his own thoughts which are not associated with initial application of the mind or
sustained application of the mind which cause his unpleasant sensation as unpleasant
sensation itself (associated with or dissociated with initial application of the mind as the
case may be), then reflects: ‚Oh, how long it would be before I can successfully gain
insight into unpleasant sensation which arises together with initial application of the mind