29: The 11th Rains Retreat (Kasibhāradvāja) – 996
the very beginning so that the Brahmin might understand the whole
business, together with the four points of: 1) Root-cause (
mūla
); 2) support
(
upakāra
); 3) accumulation (
sambhāra
); and 4) result (
phala
) that were
excluded from his questions. Though the Brahmin failed to ask fully
because his knowledge and wisdom were not deep enough, the Buddha
answered all the unasked, but essential points as well in his answer because
his compassion was so great.
Seeds are the basic requirement for farming. If there are no seeds, there is
no farming. The quantity of seeds determines the amount of farm work.
There is no farm work done more than what is demanded by the seeds.
Hence the seeds are the
[706]
principal root-cause of farming. On account
of this, the Buddha desired to describe the task of farming beginning from
that root-cause. Because the seed was the root-cause of the secular farming
theme of the Brahmin’s question, it was analogous to the root-cause of the
spiritual farming of the Buddha, and so he also wished to add the very
analogy. Hence his said: “My faith is the seed.” As has been said above, the
analogy between the root-cause of secular farming, i.e., seeds, and the
root-cause of spiritual farming, i.e., faith. Thus the profound significance
of this statement should be understood.
Again, it may be argued: “What the Brahmin asked should have been
answered first. Why did the Buddha answer at the beginning and not later
what was not asked by the Brahmin?”
The answer in brief: 1) Though the seed-like faith should be answered
later, the Buddha answered it first because it would benefit the Brahmin
much; 2) the rainfall-like sense-restraint and the seed-like faith are related
to each other as cause and effect; hence the rainfall-like sense-restraint
was spoken of immediately after the seed-like faith, though it should have
been done so later on.
To expand on the answer: 1) The Brahmin was intelligent. But as he was
born in a family of wrong views, his faith was very weak. One who is
strong in intelligence but weak in faith, does not believe others, not even
his teachers. He does not practise what should be practised and is likely to
fail thereby to attain the extraordinary paths and fruitions.
Kasibhāradvāja’s faith, free from mental defilement, was weak because of
his birth in a family of wrong views. Therefore his weak faith combined
with strong intelligence could not earn him the paths and fruitions. The
combination is somewhat like a bullock yoked together with an elephant.
It was the faith that would lead the Brahmin to the spiritual attainment.