985
29: The 11
th
Rains Retreat (Kasibhāradvāja)
The Buddha’s Daily Activities
After staying at Jetavana monastery in Sāvatthī for as long as there were beings
to be converted, the Buddha journeyed again and eventually reached the
Brahmin village named Ekanāḷa, in the district of Dakkhiṇāgiri, so named
because it lay to the south of the hill that stood near the city of Rājagaha in
Magadha country. There he observed the 11th Rains Retreat (
Vassa
) with the
Brahmin village as his resort for alms.
While dwelling in the monastery named Dakkhiṇāgiri, as usual the Buddha did
two series of activities: Before the meal, or morning, activities (
pure-bhatta-
kicca
) and after the meal activities (
pacchā-bhatta-kicca
). Having finished the
morning activities, he did the after the meal activities which were of four kinds.
At the end of the fourth, he surveyed the world of sentient beings with his
Buddha-eye (
Buddha-cakkhu
) that consists of the knowledge of underlying
tendencies (
āsayānusaya-ñāṇa
) and the knowledge of others’ dispositions
(
indriya-paro-pariyatta-ñāṇa
), and saw in his vision Brahmin Kasibhāradvāja
who had the potential to become an Arahat because of his past meritorious deeds.
The Buddha came to know this: “On my visit to the Brahmin’s lands, my
conversation with him will take place. When the conversation is over, the
Brahmin, having listened to my discourse, will become an Arahat.”
The Buddha therefore went to the Brahmin’s farm, conversed with him
and gave him a discourse called the Discourse to Kasibhāradvāja (
Kasi-
bhāradvāja-sutta
, SN 7.11, Snp 1.4). The discourse in the Anthology of
Discourses (
Sutta-nipāta
) and its commentary is the basis for the following
narration.
With reference to the Buddha’s activities, the Collection of the Thematic
Discourses (
Saṁyutta-nikāya
) commentary and others enumerate five series of
activities, whereas the Anthology of Discourses (
Sutta-nipāta
) commentary
combines the latter four, give only two: the morning activities and the after the
meal activities. The idea, however, is the same. Hence two series according to
the Anthology of Discourses commentary and five series according to the other
commentaries, which add the activities in the first watch of the night (
purima-
yāma-kicca
), the activities in the middle watch (
majjhima-yāma-kicca
) and the