28: The 10th Rains Retreat (Pāḷileyyaka) – 982
intent to steal is guilty; he who commits with intent to cause death is
guilty,” and so on. The set of rules like these is the set of offences.
Of the seven kinds of offences: expulsion (
pārājika
) offences, offences
needing a meeting of the Saṅgha (
Saṅghādisesa
), heavy (
thullaccaya
)
offences, confession (
pācittiya
) offences, ackowledgement (
pāṭidesanīya
)
offences, wrong-doing (
dukkaṭa
) offences and wrong speech (
dubbhāsī
)
offences, the latter five are minor and not gross while the former two
expulsion and offences needing a meeting of the Saṅgha are major and
gross.
Of these seven kinds of offences, the last six are expiable (
sāvasesa
)
offences as the offender’s monkhood still remains. That is to say, if he
commits any of the latter six kinds, his state of monkhood is still valid
even though he is guilty. The expulsion offence is inexpiable. This is to say,
if he violates an expulsion rule he totally loses that validity leaving no
traces whatever of monkhood in him.
In this way the nine pairs of Dhamma and what is not Dhamma, etc. should
be understood.
Like Ven. Sāriputta, Vens. Mahā Moggallāna, Mahā Kassapa, Mahā Kaccāyana,
Mahā Koṭṭhika, Mahā Kappina, Mahā Cunda, Anuruddha, Revata, Upāli,
Ānanda and Rāhula, also heard of the coming of the Kosambī monks to Sāvatthī.
They approached the Buddha and asked him, as Ven. Sāriputta did. Then also
did the Buddha teach them the eighteen ways of righteousness and the eighteen
ways of unrighteousness just as he had taught Ven. Sāriputta.
The Buddha’s aunt, Ven. Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī, learnt of the coming of the
Kosambī monks and she visited the Buddha. She paid him obeisance, stood at a
proper place and put the same question as Ven. Sāriputta. The Buddha then told
Ven. Mahā Pajāpati Gotamī thus: “In that case, Gotamī, listen to the sayings of
both groups of monks. Having listened, you should prefer the view, wish, liking,
and accept the righteous of the two parties. All that is to be expected from the
community of monastics by the community of female monastics should be
desirable only from the righteous.”
On receiving the news, the wealthy Anāthapiṇḍika, supporter of the Jetavana
monastery and Visākhā, the supporter of the Eastern Monastery, also went to
the Buddha and reported the matter. To them the Buddha said: “Anāthapiṇḍika
and Visākhā, in that case give alms to both parties! Having given alms, listen to