28: The 10th Rains Retreat (Pāḷileyyaka) – 979
unwholesome actions (
akusala-kamma-patha
) are not Dhamma. Likewise,
the 37 constituents of Awakening (
Bodhi-pakkhiya-dhamma
): the four
foundations of mindfulness (
satipaṭṭhāna
), the four right efforts
(
sammappadhāna
), etc. are Dhamma.
Wrongly enumerated aggregates of the above constituents: the
three
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foundations of mindfulness, the
three
right efforts, the
three
bases of
psychic powers (
iddhi-pāda
), the
six
faculties (
indriya
), the
six
mental
powers (
bala
), the
eight
factors of Awakening (
bojjhaṅga
), the
nine
constituents of the path (
maggaṅga
); as well as the four attachments
(
upādāna
), the five hindrances (
nīvaraṇa
), the seven latent desires
(
anusaya
) and the eight wrong views (
micchā-diṭṭhi
), these and other
aggregates are not Dhamma.
If someone, after taking any of these false aggregates which are not
Dhamma, and after discussing with others and coming to an agreement
with them saying: “We shall indicate and speak of this group of what is not
Dhamma as Dhamma, if we do so, we shall belong to the higher class of
teaching families and we ourselves shall become well-known in society,”
and then declares: “This indeed is Dhamma!” he indicates what is not
Dhamma as Dhamma.
[696]
Likewise, if he, taking any of these true aggregates, declares: “This indeed
is not Dhamma,” he indicates what is Dhamma as not Dhamma.
In terms of Vinaya, if a person questions another’s offence, makes him
realize it and takes action correctly in accordance with the latter’s
confession, that is a righteous action (
dhamma-kamma
). If a person,
without questioning, without making him realize it and without bringing
about his confession, takes action incorrectly, that is an unrighteous action
(
adhamma-kamma
). If one speaks of a righteous action as unrighteous,
then one indicates Dhamma as not Dhamma.
By way of the discourses, the elimination of lust (
raga
), hatred (
dosa
) and
delusion (
moha
), the fivefold restraint (
saṁvara
): restraint by precepts
(
sīla-saṁvara
), restraint by mindfulness (
sati-saṁvara
), restraint by
knowledge (
ñāṇa-saṁvara
), restraint by forbearance (
khanti-saṁvara
),
restraint by energy (
viriya-saṁvara
); the fivefold abandoning (
pahāna
):
abandoning
of evil through right view (
tad-aṅga-pahāna
), abandoning
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[There are four foundations of mindfulness, not three, so it is wrong. Same with the
others, which are all one constituent short].