25a: The 7th Rains Retreat (Abhidhamma) – 854
taught the Abhidhamma, day and night, to all those Devas from the 10,000
world-element who rallied around him, with Santusita Deva, who had
previously been his mother, at their head. He started with the law of good action
and its result (
kusala-dhamma
); bad action and its result (
akusala-dhamma
);
neutral or amoral or indeterminate action (
abyākata-dhamma
); teaching round
the clock, like the river of the sky flowing continuously, for the duration of the
Rains Retreat.
[An examination of these items open the first book of the Abhidhamma,
the Enumeration of Phenomena (
Dhamma-saṅgaṇī
)].
Buddhas deliver discourses before noon in praise of food offered, such
discourses could be as long as the Collection of the Long Discourses
(
Dīgha-nikāya
) and the Collection of the Middle Length Discourses
(
Majjhima-nikāya
) put together. The discourses taught to the Devas and
Brahmas who arrived in the afternoon have the combined lengths of the
Collection of the Thematic Discourses (
Saṁyutta-nikāya
) and the
Collection of the Numerical Discourses (
Aṅguttara-nikāya
).
This is because the thought-process of the Buddha is very fast, with very
few intervening underlying consciousnesses (
bhavaṅga
). And as the
Buddha’s lips are proportionate and firmly set, the lip movements are
precise. The tongue is long, slender and delicate. All these features
contribute to production of a voice that is melodious, and that speaks very
quickly and clearly.
It is stated that when an ordinary average person had spoken a word, Ven.
Ānanda had spoken eight words; when Ven. Ānanda had spoken one word,
the Buddha had spoken sixteen words. It has thus been calculated that the
Buddha’s rate of speech is 128 times faster than that of an average person.
Thus, with such an unimaginable quick speech, it is no wonder that the Buddha
taught the long discourses, in appreciation of the offering of food, before noon
and more lengthy discourses to Devas who arrived in the afternoon. The
Abhidhamma that the Buddha taught during that Rains Retreat (
Vassa
) of three
months is thus endless and incomparable.
In case a question such as this arises: “How did the Buddha maintain his body
when he was engaged in teaching the Abhidhamma during the whole period of
the Rains Retreat (
Vassa
) lasting three months?” The brief reply is he did it by
regular provision of nourishment.