24: The 6th Rains Retreat (Miracles) – 821
honouring the populace with his visits and teaching the Dhamma. The journey
of eight months would cover 200 leagues from the beginning to the end. Each
area on either side of the road measured 200 leagues. People from these areas
also had the opportunity of doing meritorious deeds such as offering alms and
listening to the Dhamma. Thus these areas may be considered as also been
visited by the Buddha. Hence the statement above that a medium zone journey
(
majjima-maṇḍala
) has an area of six hundred leagues is explained.
Although Buddha had spent four months observing the Rains Retreat (
Vassa
) at
a certain place, up to and inclusive of the full moon of November (
Kattikā
), if
deserving beings were still lacking in maturity of faculties, he continued his stay
at the same place for another month. When necessary, such time of grace was
prolonged, month after month, even for four months right up to the full moon of
February (
Phussa
), as occasion demanded, and then only did he leave that place
in the company of a great number of monastics, to set out on the inner zone
journey (
anto-maṇḍala
).
As in the previous case the Buddha spent these months, blessing people by his
visits and teaching. The length of time necessary for traversing the country was
reduced from seven to four months, for reasons described above. Because of the
shortage of time that a seven, six, five or four month journey had, it only took in
a distance of 100 leagues. As in the above manner, the areas on either side of
this 100 leagues journey were also visited. Hence it is said: “The inner zone
journey (
anto-maṇḍala
) ranges altogether 300 leagues.”
It should be borne in mind that the Buddha had set out on these itineraries, not
for receiving the four requisites: robes, food, shelter, medicines, but out of
compassionate consideration and with the sole purpose of affording an
opportunity to the poor, the ignorant, the aged, the sick, who would have no
means of paying homage to him at any other time. Of them, some would be
pleased just to see him, some would like to offer flowers and sweet scents, or a
morsel of hard earned food, and there would be those who had given up wrong
view (
micchā-diṭṭhi
) to take up right view (
sammā-diṭṭhi
). Such encounters with
him would bring about lasting peace, prosperity and happiness for these people.
This was how the Buddha, after having kept the fifth Rains Retreat (
Vassa
) in
the Great Wood at Vesālī, travelled to Sāvatthī and Rājagaha with the villages
on their outskirts for the uplift of all living beings and administering the elixir
of the Dhamma with his teaching.