23b: The 5th Year (Saccaka) – 814
When Saccaka knew that the Buddha had finished taking the meal, he sat down
in a suitable place and addressed him: “Gotama, may the main beneficial result
accruing from this alms meal (
dāna
) and the subsidiary consequences of this
great offering be for the well-being of the supporters, i.e., the Licchavīs.”
The main beneficial results mean future existence in the form of the five
aggregates in the Deva realms, or happy circumstances in the human world;
the subsidiary consequences mean wealth, properties, regalia, etc.,
necessary for sumptuous living conditions.
Saccaka had made such a wish under the impression that only Licchavī princes
were entitled to enjoy the fruits of the act of merit, which was performed with
the food donated by them. But it was Saccaka himself who should enjoy the
reward because he had actually made the offering to the Buddha and the Saṅgha
with what he had received from the Licchavī princes.
The Buddha therefore removed his wrong impression by saying: “Wanderer
Saccaka, the merit goes to the Licchavī princes for gifts offered to a recipient
like you, who is not free from lust, hatred and delusion. Saccaka, the merit goes
to you for gifts offered to a recipient like me, who is free from lust, hatred and
delusion.” Thus the Buddha impressed upon his mind the idea of consequences
of deeds of merit so as to let it become a part of his nature.
Expounding of Mahā Saccaka-sutta
The above is the Short Discourse about Saccaka (
Cūḷa-saccaka-sutta
, MN 35).
This is not the only discourse that the Buddha had expounded to Saccaka. The
Long Discourse about Saccaka (
Mahā-saccaka-sutta
, MN 36) was also
expounded to him at a later date. The Long Discourse about Saccaka deals with
two modes of meditation: contemplation of the body and contemplation of the
mind, and two types of persons: a bewildered person (
sammūḷha-puggala
) and
one who is without bewilderment (
asammūhḷa-puggala
). For full particulars,
please refer to the text.
The Buddha expounded the Short Discourse about Saccaka and the Long
Discourse about Saccaka. The former is as long as a section for recitation
(
bhāṇavāra
), while the Long Discourse about Saccaka is as long as one and a
half sections for recitation. In spite of these long discourses and exhortation by
the Buddha, Saccaka did not attain any stage of the paths and fruitions nor did
he receive ordination. He did not take refuge in the Three Treasures either. A