23b: The 5th Year (Saccaka) – 802
He had likened the fivefold aggregate to the earth; sentient beings are
dependent on the fivefold aggregates like the earth. They produce merit or
demerit based on the fivefold aggregates.
Saccaka further said: “The honourable Gotama has thus discarded the very
evident and manifest self
and declared it to be non-self (
anatta
).” Thus Saccaka
presented his soul theory firmly supported by similes.
The supporting similes presented by Saccaka are notable, quite valid and firm.
With the exception of the Fully Self-Awakened Buddhas, there is no one capable
of refuting his criticism and condemning his soul theory. In fact, there are two
types of people: 1) Those who are tractable by Fully Self-Awakened Buddhas
only and 2) those who are tractable by disciples (
sāvaka
). Those in the second
category can be corrected by the Buddhas and the disciples, but those in the first
category can be guided by the Buddhas alone. Wanderer Saccaka belonged to
the first category and could be instructed only by the Buddha.
The Buddha had, therefore, decided to personally rectify and refute his view:
“The descendent of Aggivessana, Saccaka, do you say that corporeality is self
(
atta
), that feelings are self, that perception is self, that volitions are self, that
the sixfold consciousness is self?”
Saccaka came to realize then that: “The ascetic Gotama has put me in difficulty,
making me declare, confirm and admit my self theory (
atta-vāda
) in the
presence of an audience. Should anything untoward happen, I alone will be
condemned for my self theory,” and thinking of citing the people of Vesālī as
co-adherents of self, he replied: “Honourable Gotama, indeed, I do say:
‘Corporeality is self, feelings are self, perception is self, volitions are self, the
sixfold consciousness is self, and the general mass of citizens of Vesālī also say
this.”
The Buddha, being 100,000 times superior to Saccaka in matters of views, would
not let him make other people share the same fate with him. Instead, he would
make his conquest over Saccaka alone, and said to him: “Saccaka what has the
great mass of people to do with this? I urge you, Saccaka, to explain your view.”
What the Buddha meant to say was this: “Not all of these people are out to
refute my view. You are the only one who has come to refute my view.
They are here because you
[582]
have invited them to witness the debate.
The onus of expressing the view rests with you, and don’t let them share
the same fate with you.”