23b: The 5th Year (Saccaka) – 796
Sāriputta told them: “Now I have answered your 1,000 questions, while you
cannot answer a single question of mine, who then is the victor and who are the
vanquished?”
Their reply was: “Reverend sir, you are the conqueror and we are the
conquered.” Ven. Sāriputta asked: “What will you do in such circumstances?”
They told Ven. Sāriputta of what their parents had asked them to do in the event
of their defeat, and expressed their desire to receive ordination under the
patronage of Ven. Sāriputta.
Ven. Sāriputta then gave them this instruction: “This is not the right place for
you womenfolk to receive ordination and you will be best advised to go to the
monasteries of the
[578]
female monastics with our introduction and ask to be
ordained there.” Accordingly, they went to the monasteries of the female
monastics with the introduction of Ven. Sāriputta and received ordination. They
received ordination under the patronage of the elder Uppalavaṇṇā, according to
the Birth Stories (
Jātaka
) commentary. They became Arahats within a short
period of time through mindful, earnest effort in the practice of the path.
The Buddha expounded an account of this episode in the Short Birth Story
about the King of Kāliṅga (
Cūḷa-kāliṅga-jātaka
, Ja 301). For further
particulars, please refer to the commentary thereon. This episode
happened only when the Buddha was taking up residence at Jetavana
monastery of Sāvatthī, some time after the establishing of the female
Saṅgha with the Buddha’s approval and also in compliance with Mahā
Pajāpatī Gotamī’s express request when he was residing in Great Wood,
Vesālī. This interesting episode has connections with the story of the
wanderer Saccaka, hence its exposition here.
The Story of the Wanderer Saccaka
As narrated above, the four women ascetics had a younger brother called
Saccaka, who was acting as an instructor of the royal princes of Vesālī. It was
during the period when the Buddha was staying at the Kūṭāgāra monastery in
Great Wood, near Vesālī, that wanderer Saccaka, pupil of the sectarian
Nigaṇṭha, was proclaiming himself as one skilled in debating, one who was very
learned; and people also took him to be a holy person.
He boasted to the Vesālī citizens: “I have never come across any person claiming
to have monastic followers, a sectarian, a sectarian leader, ascetic or Brahmin
(
samaṇa-brāhmaṇa
) or one worthy of homage, a Perfectly Self-Awakened