23a: The 5th Rains Retreat (Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī) – 791
These are the eight special rules. If Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī accepts the eight
special rules, let such acceptance mean her admission to the Saṅgha.”
The Buddha thus permitted the establishment of the female Saṅgha after
expounding the eight special rules for their guidance.
Ven. Ānanda learned the eight special rules from the Buddha and returned to
Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī at the gate and told her what had transpired at his
meeting with the Buddha: “Great step-mother, if you accept the eight special
rules, such acceptance means your admission to the Saṅgha. He then explained
the rules as given to him by the Buddha above, and then he said: “Great step-
mother, you can count yourself as one who has been duly admitted to the Saṅgha
of female monastics, the moment you adhere strictly to these eight special rules.”
Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī responded: “Ven. Ānanda, just as a young maiden who is
in the habit of decorating herself with flowers, with her hair washed and
brushed, or a man in like manner, would eagerly receive lilies, jasmine or other
flowers, with outstretched hands, for planting on their heads if and when
offered; so also I am prepared to adhere to the eight special rules (
garu-
dhamma
), with great delight and due respect till I breathe my last.
Thereupon, Ven. Ānanda approached the Buddha again with profound respect
and stood at a suitable distance and addressed him thus: “Most exalted Realised
One, Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī has vowed to adhere strictly to the eight special
rules as laid down, with due diligence and respect up to the end of her life.”
Her enthusiastic acceptance of the eight special rules constituted automatic
admission to the Saṅgha; she became a nun without formal ordination in a
boundary hall (
sīma
). Such procedure of admission into the Saṅgha is
known as the higher ordination through taking up the eight special rules
(
aṭṭha-garu-dhamma-paṭiggahaṇa-upasampadā
).
Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī went to the Buddha and sat at a suitable distance with
due respect and asked: “Exalted Buddha, what should I do with the 500
princesses of royal blood?” He gave her certain instructions. She left after
hearing the Dhamma and paying respects to him.
Then the Buddha told the monastics about his instructions to Mahā Pajāpatī and
laid down the following rules: “Monastics, I give permission to monastics to help
in ordination of female candidates to become female monastics.”