23a: The 5th Rains Retreat (Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī) – 787
He wished them to cherish the hard won admission to the Saṅgha after a great
struggle.
Thus, when Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī made her first request, which was repeated
three times to the Buddha at the Nigrodha monastery of Kapilavatthu, her
request was rejected by him for the reasons stated above. At each attempt, she
had to abandon hope and return to the royal palace.
Now when the Buddha had taken up residence at Vesālī to keep the fifth Rains
Retreat (
Vassa
) an opportunity presented itself for her to make another attempt.
As stated in the previous chapters, the 500 monastics of royal blood, prior to
their attainment of Awakening, had messages sent to them by their former
spouses, requesting them to return and live a household life again. These ladies
made their earnest appeal again by sending messages, as before, to the 500
monastics who had become Arahats now. But the Arahat monks sent the reply:
“We are no longer in a position to lead a worldly life.”
The 500 deserted wives considered it would not be appropriate to seek for a
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new married life, and decided unanimously to go to Mahā Pajāpatī Gotamī to
appeal to her to obtain permission from the Buddha for admission to the Saṅgha
as female monastics. Accordingly, they went in a group to Mahā Pajāpatī
Gotamī and made their appeal to her.
Their request reminded her of her failure to obtain permission for women to
receive ordination when the Buddha was in residence at Nigrodha monastery on
a previous occasion and so she had a hair-dresser shave their heads, including
that of her own, and asked the ladies to wear dyed clothes and assume the form
of female monastics while they were still in the royal palace. Then they made
arrangements to set out all together for the Great Wood of Vesālī where the
Buddha was then residing.
The distance between Kapilavatthu and Vesālī was 50 leagues; and when the
Sakyan and Koliyan royal families considered arrangements for their journey,
they concluded: “It would not be possible for these princesses and royal ladies,
who were brought up so regally and gently, to make the journey on foot,” and
they arranged to provide them with 500 sedans to solve the problem.
The 500 ladies agreed amongst themselves that such a mode of travelling might
be tantamount to an act of disrespect to the Buddha and they therefore made the
journey of 50 leagues on foot. Royal families of both countries arranged for