22a: The Discourse on the Treasures – 713
be extended by one mile each on all four sides, entailing the construction of a
second wall to enclose the whole city.
After a long time, the growth of the city, in like manner, demanded further
extension to meet the requirements of the increasing number of royal families.
As before, it was extended again by one mile each on all four sides with the
construction of another wall round the entire city. As years rolled by, the city
had to be extended again by one mile on all four sides in the same way for the
third time. Thus the city grew and flourished with the march of time. It came to
be known far and wide as the city of Vesālī, the Big City, throughout the
southern sphere of the universe, Jambudīpa.
This is an account of the origin of the nomenclatures, such as Licchavī, the Vajjī
country and the city of Vesālī.
[534]
The Background to the Discourse
Vesālī city was thriving and prosperous, like its contemporaries Rājagaha and
Sāvatthī, in the time of Buddha Gotama. At that time, the city was inhabited by
7,707 reigning monarchs, each with their crown princes, army generals, finance
ministers, and various officials, each of them numbering 7,707. For their
accommodation, there were 7,000 palaces and mansions with decorated terraced
roofing and an equal number of law courts, Assembly Halls, gardens, pleasure
parks and lakes. The city was thickly populated and food was abundant.
As years rolled by, the rulers and the ruled of the city failed to observe their
bounden duties (
aparihāniya-dhamma
), and they eventually fell victims to
disaster, such as drought, poor harvest, shortage of food, famine, etc.
Factors of non-decline (
aparihāniya dhamma
), part of a discourse taught to
the Vajjī princes by the Buddha in order to maintain their prosperity and
welfare. For full particulars refrence may be made to the Long Discourse
about the Emancipation (
Mahā-paribbāna-sutta
, DN 16).
The first disaster caused a great number of deaths amongst the poor people.
Dead bodies, thrown everywhere out of the city, were soon found in various
stages of decomposition and letting off a foul odour. Such a condition gave the
opportunity for the Yakkhas to enter the city and play havoc with the people.
The second disaster was a famine, and together with the evil influence of the
Yakkhas, it brought about more deaths and suffering. To make matters worse,