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21: Sumana, Aggidatta and Jambuka
The Story of the Flower-Seller Sumana
The Buddha taught a verse, beginning with the words (Dhp 68):
Tañ-ca kammaṁ
kataṁ sādhu
, “having done an act, the doer has no bitter regret for it,” on the
advantages of a reward for a deed of merit with reference to a flower seller
named Sumana of Rājagaha during his stay at Veḷuvana monastery in that city
(for the story see DhpA V.9).
The flower seller used to present King Bimbisāra with eight measures
of Royal
Jasmine (
Jasminum grandiflorum
) every morning, for which he was granted
eight pieces of money each day. One day, as Sumana was entering the city with
the flowers as usual, the Buddha, attended by many monastics, was also entering
the city for alms round, with a radiant light shining forth from his body, and
with great dignity, splendour and the glories of a Perfectly Awakened Buddha.
Sometimes, the Buddha used to go round, like an ordinary monastic on an
alms round, with the six radiant lights concealed by the robes. For instance
he went out all alone incognito to a distance of 30 leagues to meet
Aṅgulimāla, the notorious robber. But, at other times, he used to go with
radiant light shining, for instance, when he went on alms round in the city
of Kapilavatthu. And, on this day, when he was to meet Sumana, the
flower seller, the Buddha entered the city of Rājagaha with radiant light
shining forth from his body, and with great dignity, splendour and the
glories of a Perfectly Awakened Buddha.
When Sumana saw the Buddha – with a body like an ornamented gateway
column, replete with the 32 major characteristics and 80 minor characteristics,
with the six-coloured radiant light emitting from his body – enter Rājagaha to
go on alms round with great dignity, splendour and with the glory of a Perfectly
Awakened Buddha, there arose in him intense devotional faith and reverence
for him.
He then considered: “What kind of offering should I make to gain merit?” When
he could not think of anything with which to pay homage to the Buddha, he
thought of offering the flowers in his hands. But, on second thought, he came to
realize: “These are the flowers meant for presentation to the king, as a matter of
daily routine. If I fail to do my daily duty, I shall be liable to be put in the stocks,
bound with ropes and imprisoned or executed or expelled from the country.