20a: Teaching Ven. Rāhula – 653
When an intention arises to perform a physical, verbal or mental act, before
doing any of them, one should deliberate first: “Would my intended physical,
verbal or mental action prove to be harmful to myself, to another person or to
both? Would they become demeritorious deeds which would cause increased
suffering?” If, after deliberation, the intended actions would prove harmful to
oneself, to another or both; or would become demeritorious deeds which would
cause increased suffering, one should strive to avoid performing such physical,
verbal and mental deeds. On the other hand, after deliberation, if these intended
actions prove not to be harmful to oneself, to another or to both; or would
become meritorious deeds which would promote happiness (
sukha
), then such
physical, verbal and mental deeds should be performed.
Likewise, while in the process of performing a physical, verbal or mental deed,
one should deliberate thus: “Is what I am doing, saying or thinking harmful to
myself, to another or to both? Are they demeritorious deeds causing increased
suffering?” If, after deliberation, they are found to be so, one should, with moral
aversion, cease performing any such deeds without proceeding any further. On
the other hand if, after deliberation, they are found to be not harmful to oneself,
to another or to both, but are meritorious deeds furthering the cause of
happiness and well-being, they should be pursued with vigour, again and again.
When any physical, verbal or mental act has been performed, one should
deliberate as in the foregoing manner thus: “Have my physical, verbal or mental
actions been harmful to myself, to another or to both? Have they been
demeritorious deeds that have caused increased suffering?” If they proved to be
so, with regard to demeritorious physical and verbal deeds, admission must be
made before the Buddha or a wise and knowledgeable fellow disciple, frankly,
clearly and without reservation that such wrong physical and verbal acts have
been committed. Then one must discipline oneself that such wrong deeds will
not recur in future.
With regard to demeritorious mental activities that have been committed, one
should be weary of such mental acts, be ashamed of them and loath them. One
must also exercise restraint and discipline oneself so that such misdeeds will not
recur in future.
If, after such retrospection and deliberation, one finds that one’s physical, verbal
or mental deeds have not harmed oneself or another or both but have
contributed to promote happiness and well-being, then night and day, one may