18: The Buddha and his Immediate Family – 634
5. Morality (
sīla
) = pearl.
6. Abandonment (
cāga
) = precious stones.
7. Wisdom (
paññā
) = diamonds.
In compliance with the express instructions of the Buddha, Ven. Sāriputta took
the role of the preceptor (
upajjhāya
), whereas Ven. Mahā Moggallāna acted as
the
[480]
instructor (
pabbajjācariyā
) attending to the shaving of the head, the
offering of the robes and the administering of the three refuges, while Ven.
Mahā Kassapa served as his advisor (
ovādācariyā
). Thus, Prince Rāhula was
given the going forth and became a novice. Although the three great monks
(
mahā-thera
) took individual roles in the procedure for the admission, the
preceptor (
upajjhāya
) is the dominant figure in bringing about the going forth of
Prince Rāhula; the functions undertaken by the instructor and the advisor are
the bounden duties of the preceptor (
upajjhāya
); they are merely functioning as
his deputies. Therefore the text says:
Atha kho Āyasma Sāriputto Rāhulaṁ
kumāraṁ pabbājesi,
“then Ven. Sāriputta gave Prince Rāhula the going forth,”
as if he had attended to all the various tasks necessary for the ceremony.
A Training Rule about Permissions
King Suddhodana
was greatly disturbed and suffered intense mental and
physical agony when he heard of the news that Prince Rāhula had been given
the going forth.
A note of explanation is required here for clarification: Just as the court
astrologers had made confident predictions that: “This prince is destined to
become a Universal Monarch,” after the birth of Prince Siddhattha, so also
they made the identical predictions on subsequent occasions when birthday
celebrations were held in honour of Prince Nanda and Prince Rāhula.
While entertaining high hopes of seeing the grace and glory of his son, Prince
Siddhattha, as a Universal Monarch, King Suddhodana
only witnessed
Siddhattha renounce the world and become a monastic, greatly to his
disappointment, and he had suffered great mental and physical distress for the
first time.
Again, after he had braced himself thus: “Only when my younger son, Nanda,
becomes a Universal Monarch shall I see his grace and glory,” Prince Nanda was