16: The Arrival of Upatissa and Kolita – 568
Arahat, achieving the height of knowledge of a disciple (
sāvaka-pāramī-ñāṇa
).
He may be likened to one who enjoys the food laid in readiness for another
person. He also penetratingly discerned the sixteen states of knowledge.
Herein, a question might arise: Why did Ven. Sāriputta, who was possessed
of great wisdom, become an Arahat after Ven. Mahā Moggallāna? The
answer in brief is: The preliminary steps taken by Ven. Sāriputta, in the
matter of meditation practices, were wider or greater than those of Ven.
Mahā Moggallāna. Here is an example: When ordinary common people
contemplate travelling, they can do so quickly because they have a limited
amount of kit or paraphernalia to carry, whereas kings cannot set out so
quickly because arrangements have to be made for regiments of elephants,
horse-men, charioteers, infantry, etc., to accompany them on a grand scale,
so, as the saying goes: “It takes the cooking time of a boat load of white
beans for a king to appear before his audience.”
Further explanation: future Buddhas or Bodhisattas (
Sammā-sambodhisatta
),
future Independent Buddhas (
Pacceka-bodhisatta
), and future disciples of a
Buddha (
sāvaka-bodhisatta
) all have, as their object of insight meditation, the
aggregate of conditioned formations or mental and physical phenomena. This
aggregate which forms the object of insight meditation is known as the
practising ground (
samma-sanacāra
) for the development of the knowledge of
impermanence (
anicca
), suffering (
dukkha
) and non-self (
anatta
). It is also
called the ground of insight (
vipassanā-bhūmi
) meaning the aggregate of mental
and physical phenomena which form the basis of developing insight (
vipassanā-
ñāṇa
).
Of these Bodhisattas,
1. Bodhisattas who will become Sammā-sambuddhas (
Sammā-sambodhisatta
)
contemplate the impermanence, suffering and non-self characteristics of the
internal aggregate of conditioned existence, that is to say, mental and physical
phenomena occurring continuously in sentient beings, as well as of external
inanimate objects that have no power of sense-perception, that exist within the
compass of one billion universes.
2. Bodhisattas who will become Paccekabuddhas (
Pacceka-bodhisatta
)
contemplate the impermanence, suffering and non-self characteristics of
conditioned mental and physical phenomena occurring in themselves, of those in