12: Yasa, his Family and Friends – 497
The Gradual Path
Thereupon, the Buddha taught Yasa, the course of moral practices leading to the
paths and fruitions: 1) The Dhamma relating to generosity (
dāna-kathā
); 2) the
Dhamma relating to morality (
sīla-kathā
); 3) the Dhamma relating to a happy
destination such as a celestial abode (
sagga-kathā
); and 4) the Dhamma relating
to the good path and line of conduct for the realization of the paths, fruitions
and Nibbāna (
magga-kathā
).
1. The Dhamma concerning generosity (
dāna
-
kathā
): A good deed of generosity
is the cause of happiness in the present existence, in the next existence and of the
bliss of Nibbāna. It is the primary cause of all kinds of pleasures of Devas and
humans. It is also the source of material sense objects (
ārammaṇa-vatthu
) and
the well-being resulting from the use of these objects. For beings endangered by
misfortune, it is also a good guardian, a place of safety, a resort and refuge. In
the present existence, as well as in the next, there is nothing like generosity to
lean on, stand on, cling to, as a good guardian, a place of safety, a resort and
refuge. Truly, this deed of generosity is like the gem-studded lion throne, for it
is to lean on; like the great earth, for it is to stand on; like the rope for the blind
to hold on as a support, for it is to cling to.
This meritorious act of generosity is like the ship for crossing over the bad
destiny of the lower worlds (
apāya-bhūmi-duggati
). It is like an army
commander of valour in the battle-field since it can ward off or give relief from
the danger of the enemies such as greed (
lobha
) and stinginess (
macchariya
), etc.
It is like a well-guarded city since it can give protection from the danger of
poverty. It is like a lotus-flower (
paduma
) since it is not smeared with the dirt of
unwholesomeness (
akusala
) such as jealousy and stinginess. It is like fire since it
can burn the rubbish of unwholesomeness such as jealousy and stinginess. It is
like a poisonous snake since it is of difficult access to the unwholesome enemies.
It is like a lion king since it can free one from fear, and the supporter has no
need to be afraid of any enemy in the present existence, much less so in the next.
Being of enormous strength, it is like a large elephant, and the supporter is
blessed with good friends and associates in the present existence. He is also one
who will have great physical and mental strength in the next existence. It is like
a bull (
usabha
) of pure white colour since it is considered by learned persons as
a sign of auspiciousness auguring extreme and particular prosperity both here