11: The Discourse about Nālaka – 483
appiccha
); 2) having little or no desire to let others know that you are
engaged in the acetic practices (
dhutaṅga-appiccha
); 3) having little or no
desire to let others know that you possess wide knowledge and learning of
the teaching (
pariyatti-appiccha
); 4) having little or no desire to let others
know that you have realised the extraordinary paths and fruitions
(
adhigama-appiccha
).
Still it is not enough: By means of the Arahat path (
Arahatta-magga
) you
should strive for the total removal of craving (
taṇhā
). When you have
become one who is thus free from greed and craving (
loluppa-taṇhā
) you
will become one with no desire and
[382]
excessive craving (
icchā-lobha-
taṇhā
) for the four requisites, unlike one who is perpetually afflicted with
extreme hunger you are then devoid of the defilements of hunger (
kilesa
).
With no such affliction, you emerge as an individual in whom all the heat
of the defilements has been extinguished.
With this verse the Buddha taught the precepts regarding dependence on
requisites (
paccaya-sannissita-sīla
) or, precepts regarding the use of
requisites (
paccaya-paribhoga-sīla
) beginning with moderation regarding
food (
bhojane mattaññutā
).
Sa piṇḍa-cāraṁ caritvā, vanantam-abhihāraye,
upaṭṭhito rukkha-mūlasmiṁ, āsanūpagato muni.
My dear son Nālaka, the ascetic, who practises the path to moral
perfection (
moneyya-paṭipadā
), should go only to his place in the forest
after going round for alms and after eating his meal, without staying long
to talk to the people and so on. The monk, who practises the path to moral
perfection, should remain sitting at the foot of a tree or in his own place
on reaching the forest.
Here, by means of the words: “After going round for alms,” the ascetic
practice (
dhutaṅga
) of taking only alms food is indicated. The monk who
practises the special ascetic practice of taking only alms food has also to
practise the other ascetic practices also, such as going systematically from
house to house, eating only in one sitting, eating only from the bowl, not
taking late offerings, wearing only the three robes, and wearing only robes
made from cemetery rags, so these six ascetic practices
are also being
indicated thereby.
By means of the words: “Should go only to his place in the forest,” the
ascetic practice (
dhutaṅga
) of living alone in the forest
is indicated. By