II: The Rare Appearance of a Buddha – 45
When, as a Bodhisatta, it is so difficult to receive the prophecy of Buddhahood,
what can be said of Buddhahood which can be attained only by fulfilling the
perfections by the fourfold mode of development for at least four immeasurable
periods (
asaṅkhyeyyas
) and 100,000 aeons, after receiving the prophecy? Truly,
it is hard to become a Buddha.
Since Buddhahood is so hard to attain, the moment of a Buddha’s emergence is
also very hard to encounter. In this connection, the Collection of the Numerical
Discourses (
Aṅguttara-nikāya
) gives an enumeration of eight moments or
existences in Saṁsāra which are to be regarded as inopportune moments
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or
unfortunate existences. On the other hand, the moment of a Buddha’s
appearance is to be reckoned as an opportune moment of fortunate existence.
The eight unfortunate existences are (
Akkhaṇa-sutta
, AN 8.29):
1. An existence in an abode of continuous intense suffering in Niraya. It is
an unfortunate existence because a being in this abode cannot perform
any acts of merit as he is all the time suffering from severe and painful
tortures.
2. An existence in an animal abode. It is an unfortunate existence because
a being of this abode, living in fear always, cannot perform any acts of
merit and is in no position even to perceive what is good or bad.
3. An existence in a Peta
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abode. It is an unfortunate existence because a
being in this abode cannot perform any acts of merit as it always feels
the sensation of hotness and dryness and suffers from severe thirst and
hunger.
4. An existence in an abode of Brahmas who are devoid of consciousness
(
asañña-satta-bhūmi
). It is an unfortunate existence because a being in
this abode cannot perform any acts of merit nor listen to the Dhamma
as he is not equipped with the faculty of hearing.
With regard to this fourth unfortunate existence, the author says that only
the Brahmas who are devoid of consciousness (
asañña-satta-bhūmi
) are
mentioned in the Collection of the Numerical Discourses (
Aṅguttara-
nikāya
) commentary. In the the Ornaments of the Victor (
Jinālaṅkāra
),
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Inopportune moment:
akkhaṇa
, literally, “a wrong moment.”
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Usually translated “dead, departed” or “the departed spirit.”