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10: The Story of Sātāgiri and Hemavata
The Buddha delivered the Dhamma Wheel (
Dhamma-cakka
) discourse just
before sunset on the full moon day of the month of July (
Āsāḷha
), in the year 528
BCE
. At midnight, he taught the Discourse concerning Hemavata (
Hemavata-
sutta
), sometimes called the Discourse concerning Sātāgiri (
Sātāgiri-sutta
, Snp
1.9).
The reason, in detail, for teaching the said discourse was as follows: In this
Fortunate Aeon (
Bhadda-kappa
) with the human lifespan running upto 20,000
years, Buddha Kassapa appeared, and he entered Parinibbāna after living for
16,000 years, which was four-fifths of the life-span (
āyu-kappa
). The cremation
of his remains was carried out with great reverence. The corporeal relics of the
Buddha did not break up into pieces but remained as a big solid mass of gold.
This was a natural law (
dhammatā
) with all long-lived Buddhas.
As for short-lived Buddhas, they attain Parinibbāna even before many people
had the opportunity of seeing them. And so, being considerate and merciful, and
being desirous that: “The many people living in such and such towns and villages
should gain merit by worshipping the relics, even after I attain Parinibbāna
,
”
they made a resolution thus: “Let my relics break up to pieces and be scattered.”
This being the case, the relics of the short-lived Buddhas, like those of our
Buddha, broke into pieces and were scattered like gold dust.
The people built a large relic shrine (
stūpa
), one league in height and also one
league in circumference, and enshrined the one and only relic of Buddha
Kassapa in it. Each side in one direction measuring one mile in length, and each
side had a large entry gate so that the intervening distance between one gate and
the next was one mile.
King Kiki of Bārāṇasī donated one gate; his son, Prince Pathavindhara, donated
another; the officials, led by the army general, donated the third; and the public,
led by a rich man, donated the last. The bricks used for building the large shrine
were only of gold and precious stones; and each brick was worth 100,000 pieces
of money. In building the shrine, realgar was used for cement and fragrant
butter oil was used for water. After the large shrine had thus been built, two
friends of good families renounced the world and entered the monkhood in the
presence of senior disciples who had followed the Buddha during his lifetime.